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    Home > Medical News > Medical World News > The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes was caused by non esterified free fatty acids!

    The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes was caused by non esterified free fatty acids!

    • Last Update: 2019-12-24
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia, which has become the "third killer" of human health According to the condition of insulin secretion, diabetes can be divided into type 1 and type 2 Type 2 diabetes is related to insulin resistance and dysfunction of islet β cell, which is more common in adults According to statistics, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in China is 11.6%, and the prevalence of pre diabetes is as high as 50.1% That is to say, one of the two adults is the "reserve force" of "diabetes" In diabetes research, a central question is why beta cells initially secrete too much insulin The popular saying is that at this time, the human body may not perceive the existence of insulin, so β cells will secrete more insulin to cause the "attention" of the human body But what's puzzling is that even beta cells isolated from lab dishes over secrete insulin A new study, published in the American Journal diabetes, proposes a mechanism that specifically regulates non glucose stimulated insulin secretion (ngsis) in islets of Langerhans, which is activated by non esterified free fatty acids, the main fuel used by beta cells during fasting https://doi.org/10.2337/db19-0379 During the experiment, scientists studied the mechanism of insulin secretion without glucose in ordinary mice and pre diabetic mice The results showed that in the β cells of pre diabetic mice, cyclin D (cypd) could promote the secretion of insulin without the increase of glucose by increasing mitochondrial proton leakage Compared with lean mice, the islets of pre diabetic obese mice showed significantly higher cypd-dependent proton leakage and ngsis The mechanism depends on fatty acids, which do not usually stimulate insulin secretion in healthy animals In addition, obese mice lacking cypd gene did not secrete excessive insulin During the experiment, the researchers observed that ngsis also occurs in isolated human pancreatic cells: when the fatty acid level reaches the typical level of the obese group, the cells can secrete insulin without the increase of glucose In conclusion, this study reveals the non esterified free fatty acid stimulation pathway that selectively drives islet ngsis, and also provides us with new methods to prevent insulin resistance and treat diabetes, including preventing the progress of β cell proton leakage.
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