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    Home > Coatings News > Paints and Coatings Market > The principle of reverse osmosis

    The principle of reverse osmosis

    • Last Update: 2020-02-25
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    water-- the first element of life, rich in wealth, covering 71% of the earth's surface, but natural state of water can not be directly used as drinking water or industrial waterFor example, in various different types of industrial applications, such as plating, brewing, food processing, chemical pharmaceuticals, metalworking and electronics industries, high purity water is required, i.ewater that separates salt, organic and bacterial componentsthere are four methods of pure water manufacturing at present: distillation, electrodialysis, ion exchange and reverse osmosis (RO)A, distillation method is the process of vaporizing water by heating and then condensing into liquid;(the above three water-making methods are complex and energy-consumingD, reverse osmosis technology is the most advanced, most energy-saving, the highest efficiency of separation technologyThe principle is that under the pressure higher than the permeation pressure of the solution, the solute in the solution is separated from the solvent by using the option of intercepting the water molecule spneais through only the reverse osmosis membraneThe reverse osmosis membrane is composed of polymercellins with a highly ordered matrix structureIts aperture is 0.1 nanometer-1 nanometer, or one-tenth of a billionth of a meter (one thousandth of the size of Ecoli and one-hundredth of a nanometer of the virus)reverse osmosis technology: reverse osmosis is REVERSEOSMOSIS, a multi-national nasa scientist who, with government support, spent billions of dollars and spent years researching itIt was originally used to recycle water for life in astronauts so that they could be consumed again, so that spacecraft did not have to carry large amounts of drinking water, so it was called space technologyThe water it produces is also called "space water"reverse osmosis working principle:1Infiltration and osmosis is common in nature, such as putting a cucumber into salt water cucumber will become smaller due to water loss The process by which water molecules in cucumbers enter the saline solution is the process of osmosis As shown in the figure below, if a water molecule can be used to pass through a film to separate a pool into two parts on both sides of the diaphragm injected pure water and brine to the same height After a while, it can be found that the pure water surface is reduced, and the water water surface is raised We call the migration of water molecules into salt water through this diaphragm phenomenon known as osmosis The rise of the saline liquid surface is not endless, to a certain height will reach a balance point The pressure represented by the fluid surface difference at both ends of the membrane is called permeation pressure The size of the permeation pressure is directly related to the concentration of saline 2 Reverse osmosis and reverse osmosis water purification techniques If a certain pressure is applied to the surface of the salt water end after the above device is balanced, the water molecule will migrate from the salt water end to the pure water end The process by which liquid molecules migrate from thin to concentrated solutionunders under pressure is called reverse osmosis If the salt water is added to one end of the above facility and the pressure is applied at that end that exceeds the permeable pressure of the salt water, we can obtain pure water at the other end This is the principle of reverse osmosis water purification reverse osmosis facilities to produce pure water is the key to two, one is a selective membrane, we call it semi-permeable membrane, and the other is a certain pressure Simply put, the reverse osmosis semi-permeable membrane has a large number of holes, the size of these holes and the size of water molecules, because bacteria, viruses, most organic pollutants and hydrated ions are much larger than water molecules, so can not be through reverse osmosis semi-permeable membrane and through the reverse osmosis membrane water separation Dissolved salts are the most difficult to remove among the many impurities in water, so the water purification effect of reverse osmosis is often determined according to the high or low desalting rate The reverse osmosis desalting rate is mainly determined by the selectivity of reverse osmosis semi-permeable membrane At present, the salt removal rate of higher selective reverse osmosis membrane elements can be as high as 99.7% at present my company's reverse osmosis membrane is imported from the United States Its form is a roll element, it is based on the principle of reverse osmosis of the semi-permeable membrane, the flow layer, the network according to a certain arrangement of bonding coils in the center tube with a drainhole, raw water from one end of the component into the compartment layer, after the network layer, in the Under the action of pressure, a part of the water through the semi-permeable membrane, penetrateinto into the channel tube, through the channel tube, through the channel of the directing layer, flow to the central tube, through the drainhole from the central tube, the rest of the part is discharged from the other end of the network layer According to the size of the water production, water utilization rate and different composition of incoming and out water quality can be designed into a high-pressure shell and a membrane element group, can also be designed to consist of a high-pressure shell and multiple membrane elements According to the different requirements of users, different water quality standards and separated water solutions and solutes, reverse osmosis devices can be designed multi-stage string and multi-stage components, parallel and series combined and other forms Reverse osmosis device has a first-level segment, one-stage multi-segment, multi-stage, membrane all the use of foreign imports It can remove impurities, various ions, molecules, organics, colloids, bacteria, viruses, heat sources to close to 95-99% removal rate The desalination rate of reverse osmosis membrane was greater than 96% reverse osmosis process flow chart, according to the order of processing can be divided into three parts: pre-treatment, membrane separation and post-treatment Pretreatment adjusts the water quality and quantity of raw water to meet the requirements of membrane separation treatment, thus ensuring the final treatment effect General polyaromatic amide composite film components require the basic parameters of inlet water is: pollution index (FI) 3-5 free residual chlorine 0.1mg/L water intake temperature: 1-45 CPH value range: 4-10 post-treatment mainly for reverse osmosis treatment of water some indicators can not meet the final requirements to take treatment measures, generally using degassing, ultraviolet radiation, ultrafiltration and other individual or combined processes standard configuration: pre-treated as raw pumps and leptop (i.e sand, carbon, softening) Sand filter carbon filter for manual valve softener for The Fulai automatic control valve Reverse osmosis membrane for the United States fluid production line Vontron; reverse osmosis membrane shell stainless steel shell raw water pump and high-pressure pump for the south special stainless steel pump; rack is carbon steel spray plastic; connecting tube valve Upvc.
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