The process of molecular regulation in which plant buds regenerate from the head.

Plant exogenous tissues or organs (also known as explantations) can regenerate new septic tissue from the head under suitable culture conditions.
more than 60 years ago, Skoog and Miller discovered that cytosephage and growth hormone were key elements in inducing explants to build stem-tip or root-tip-splitting tissue from the head, but the molecular mechanisms involved were unclear.
April 7, the journal Plant Cell published online a research paper by Wang Jiawei of the Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology of the Shanghai Institute of Life Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences entitled A-Step Model for de Novo Activation of WUSCHEL during Plant Shoot Regeneration.
the research paper elaborates the molecular regulation process of plant bud regeneration from the beginning.
regeneration of plant buds involves two processes: the transition from wounded tissue cells to stem cells, and stem cell redifferentiation to establish stem-tip-split tissue.
WUS is a key gene in the development of stem-tip splutary tissue, which is expressed specifically in the stem-tip splutary tissue region and the central region of the indicating tissue.
Through RNA in-place hybridization and live cell imaging techniques, the authors found that wounded tissue was detected early in bud culture (rich in cell division) in specific healing cells, and then WUS cell proliferation was involved in the establishment of stem-tip splative tissue, which eventually formed regenerative buds.
further studies have found that the expression of WUS is directly regulated by the key factor of cytokine signaling pathway, type B ARR transcription factor.
B-type ARR into the WUS launcher area and activates the expression of WUS.
interestingly, type B ARR has strict space-time characteristics for the activation of WUS.
the other hand, the high cytosin environment will lead to the gradual loss of the surface inhibition modification of the WUS seat H3K27me3.
the WUS seat is reprogrammed from the gene transcription suppression state to the transcription active state in response to the activation of type B ARR.
other hand, the spatial specificity of WUS activated from the head is closely related to the HD-ZIP III transcription factor of the small molecule RNA-miR165/6 target.
expression of HD-ZIP III in only some cells in the healing tissue, unlike in the B-type ARR healing tissue.
HD-ZIP III can be specifically combined with type B ARR to form transcription complex to activate WUS, thus partially determining the spatial specificity of WUS expression.
series of research results answer the long-term scientific question of how cell divisionin regulates bud regeneration from head to head, and puts forward a molecular framework map of bud regeneration and development from head.
research team at Shandong Agricultural University and the Jiao Yuling research team at the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences also reported similar findings in the journal Plant Cell.
The study was completed by postdoctoral student Zhang Tianqi and others and was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Postdoctoral Innovation Talent Support Program, the Shanghai Outstanding Academic Leaders Project and the National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics.
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