The relationship between biological evolution and the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is revealed through the study of gap spiders.

Through the study of the gap spiders (funnel spiders) in and around the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the research team of Li Zhongqiang of the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences found that the mountain-building movement in the region during the period of the 1980s and the Octinate had a great impact on the origin, diffusion and diversification of the gap spiders, and even led to the extinction of some of the gap spider groups.
the discovery has eased some of the differences between geologists and biologists over the time of the rise of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in recent years.
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is known as the "roof of the world".
the Indian Plate collided with the southern edge of the Asian Plate in the early Third Century and dived down, causing the ancient Mediterranean Sea to disappear and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to rise.
the region's land and sea changes over 65 million years have shaped the current pattern of biodiversity distribution in Eurasia.
Most biologists believe that the formation of biodiversity around the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is closely related to the process of the plateau's ascension, which has triggered the radiation evolution of flora and fauna during the period since the Mesocelis, but geological studies show that the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been close to today's height since the middle of the New World.
this led geologists and biologists to have different views on the time of the rise of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and led to obvious conflicts.
The study selected the spider as the research material, through large-scale field investigation, combined with a variety of molecular bioinsynatics methods, to study the influence of land and sea changes in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region on the evolution and diversification of biological space-time patterns, revealing the region and even Eurasia's current biodiversity pattern formation of historical causes.
is a species of spider that is common in temper zones and subtropical regions of the northern hemisphere.
In this study, 19 species of gap spiders in the entire northern hemisphere were sampled, and based on 8 gene fragments and 2326 newly obtained gap spider DNA sequences, the space-time evolution of gap spiders was studied comprehensively and deeply using systematic development inference, molecular clock time, ancestral distribution reconstruction, diversity and ecological position analysis.
, the vast majority of living spider species come from two single-line gap spider groups in the south and north.
the origin of the crevice spider subco spider appears to be related to extreme heat events (PETMs) that occurred at the paleontology-esophitheater junction or during the early neolithe.
Compared with climate change, the emergence of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has played a more crucial role in the formation of the current diversity distribution pattern of the spiders: the southern gap spider originated outside the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and the rise of the southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau since the late 1990s has prevented their spread.
but continuous mountain-building has created more local geo-isolated events, which led to the rapid radiation evolution of southern spiders during this period.
the central and northern parts of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are likely to be the origin of the northern pore spiders, and the region's rise in the early Neolithic period is likely to have led to extinction events in the early diversification process of the northern gap spiders.
evolutionary history of spiders is consistent with the latest geological evidence that high-altitude topographical features in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region appeared as early as 40 to 35 million years ago.
may be the first to shed light on biometric evidence of biological evolution closely related to the rise of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in the 1990s-1990s.
research team has long been concerned about the origin of biodiversity in China.
2011 confirmed the origin of the "ancient Mediterranean" of Chinese end-footed animals based on saltwater and freshwater end-footed species, the results were published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
study is the first to confirm the origin of the "ancient Mediterranean" of land-based invertebrates.
the ancient Mediterranean retreat, when the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was exposed to the sea, the newly presented large areas of land provided ecological opportunities for the origin and differentiation of land-born invertebrates.
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