The research progress of the three-toed horse fossils and their accompanying animals was found at the site of gaojiashan in the middle of the new world.

The Institute of Paleoververtebrates and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has long cooperated with Gansu Province and the Museum of Ancient Animal Fossils to study the large number of beautifully preserved fossils of late-life mammals found in the Linxia Basin.
researcher Deng Tao-directed doctoral student Li Yankun, as well as the Paleontology Institute, and the relevant personnel of the Museum of Ancient Animals, the late Xinshi Gaojiashan site found three-toed horse fossils and their companion animals in detail, the results of the recent online publication in the journal Historical Biology.
The fossils of the late New Generation mammals in linxia Basin are abundant, and previous studies have summarized them as the late-lying giant rhinoceros group, the Mid-New World shovel-toothed elephant herd, the late-middle-new-life three-toed horse herd, and the early renewal of the real horse animal group, especially the three-toed horse animal group and the real horse animal group species rich, well-preserved and well-known in the world.
The study compared the three-toed horse's cheek teeth and skull materials found in Gaojiashan, Hexian Prefecture, and identified them as hipparions for three-toed horses and H. hippidiodus, the first discovery of a three-toed horse in the Linxia Basin.
addition to the two three-toed horses, the animal mix found in Gaojiashan includes rare side dogs (Adcrocuta eximia), Chilotherium wimani, Shansirhinus ringtroemi, Eucladoceros cf.proboulei, and a similar species (Pala) Eotragus cf.coelophrys, as well as giraffe species (Giraffidae gen.et sp.indet.), plus previously reported Eostyloceros hezhengensis and Promephitis hootoni, at least 10 species of mammals have survived in the late Neolithic kagoyama site.
group of animals in Gaojiashan, although with Yangjiashan animal groups share 5 fossil species, but because of the emergence of The Ford three-toed horse, Gaojiashan site should belong to the era of the Baode period.
Deng Tao and other sediments developed in the Linxia Basin in 2013 once again carried out a systematic division and comparison of China's recently established land-phase formations, and that the Baode subsection is consistent with the sea-phase Messina order, the Baode subsection age is 7.25 million years, and the first of the Fuchs three-toed horses can be used as a biomarker.
the black forest top site and Gaojiashan site in a straight line distance of only 2 kilometers, the ancient geomagnetic results show that the fossil layer of the black forest top is slightly lower than the Bottom of the Baode order.
Although it is difficult to track the formations due to the lush vegetation, the elevation of the Gaojiashan site is higher, and given the continuous and close level of the formations, the fossil layer of Gaojiashan is likely to be higher than the Baode level bottom line, making it 7.25 million years later.
Gaojiashan site in the times between temperat grasslands to more arid grassland transition stage, Shanxi rhinos are usually thought to live in an open and dry environment, coupled with the emergence of three-toed horses and large lip rhinoceros, Gaojiashan's ancient environment is most likely to be open grasslands, but at the same time there are small shrubs to supply the starting horned deer and real horned deer.
This study will move the emergence of the political starting column deer after 7.25 million years, and previously thought to only appear in the Weihe period of the Vickers, its survival period extended, can survive in the Linxia Basin until the Baode period; At the same time, the land history record of similar species of Breitling antlers is also extended, and enriches the diversity of the fossils of the late Neo-Modern Deer, and the appearance of the Lin's Shanxi rhinoceros further confirms the prosperity of the late-middle-life Shanxi rhinoceros in the Linxia Basin.
the study received special support from the National Nature Fund and the Strategic Pilot of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
.