The "Silent Killer During Pregnancy" is implied in the refrigerator, not an alarmist!

Just for medical professionals to read and reference, do small bacteria have such great power? Yes! "Shift shift: 1 patient was admitted to the emergency department last night, female, 27 years old, 30 weeks pregnant, with fever for 3 days
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Routine fetal heart rate monitoring showed that the fetus was dead at the time of admission.
.
.
Blood culture gram-positive bacilli alerted the police, but There is no official result.
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" Early in the morning, when I heard such a shift message, my colleagues suddenly became alert: Pregnant woman? fetal death? Could it be it - Listeria? 4 days later, the blood culture results came out, the bottom of the puzzle was revealed, and my heart sank, it really was Listeria! Do small bacteria have such great power? Yes! Listeria is a food-derived bacterium that is resistant to low temperatures (4-10°C), so it can survive long periods of time in the refrigerator
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Pregnant women are infected, although it will not cause much harm to the mother, but it is very harmful to the fetus, with miscarriage and fetal mortality as high as 50%
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The incubation period of Listeria infection during pregnancy is about a week, and the clinical symptoms are not typical, including fever, false uterine contractions, decreased fetal movement, mild symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection, and gastrointestinal symptoms.
Some pregnant women even have no symptoms.
A veritable "silent killer during pregnancy"
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Listeria was only discovered in the 1980s to cause listeriosis in humans
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Although the infection rate is low (about 0.
2-0.
4 per 100,000 people in the United Kingdom and the United States), the related mortality rate is high, about 20%-30%, ranking first among all foodborne diseases
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Therefore, listeriosis has always been one of the key foodborne diseases monitored by countries around the world
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Pregnant women, the elderly, and people with weakened immune systems are more likely to be infected with Listeria, and the infection rate of pregnant women is about 18 times that of the normal population
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The incidence of listeriosis during pregnancy accounts for 20%-35% of all listeriosis, and it is higher in China, about 50%-60%
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The associated pregnancy loss rate (miscarriage or stillbirth) ranges from 30% to 60%, and the rate of adverse pregnancy outcomes is >80% (preterm birth, miscarriage, and stillbirth)
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Is Listeria so scary during pregnancy? Mothers who are trying to conceive or who are pregnant can't help trembling when they see this
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In fact, there is no need to worry too much.
The overall incidence of Listeria during pregnancy is relatively low.
According to China's data, 1.
4 people are sick for every 10,000 births.
If you pay attention to dietary safety, infection can be prevented
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Q1 How to avoid Listeria infection during pregnancy First of all, avoid eating foods that may contain Listeria
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Vegetables and fruits are recommended to be washed before eating, and those that require refrigeration are also recommended to be refrigerated after washing.
Raw and cooked foods need to be stored separately.
Different types of raw foods are also recommended to be stored separately.
After contact with raw food, it is recommended to thoroughly clean all preparation surfaces, cutting boards, knives and hands Second, Regularly clean the refrigerator and clear the food in the refrigerator
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Refrigerator temperatures of 4 degrees Celsius and below are recommended.
Eat ready-to-eat products as soon as possible.
Refrigerate and freeze food immediately (if leftovers are not eaten within 1-2 days, freeze them as well).
Finally, cook raw meat and other raw foods thoroughly
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During pregnancy, it is recommended to temporarily and sashimi, raw or semi-cooked meat, aquatic products and eggs (including soft eggs), say bye bye also try to avoid refrigerated foods with unknown storage conditions (for example, in fast food restaurants, Special attention should be paid to the fact that ready-to-eat salads are also the "hardest hit area" of Listeria contamination.
Q2 How to identify Listeria infection in pregnancy at an early stage It is a pity that it is difficult to identify Listeria infection in pregnancy at an early stage
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There are two reasons.
First, its symptoms are often atypical.
In many cases, there are no gastrointestinal symptoms, but only fever, decreased fetal movement, or cold-like symptoms.
Second, the detection rate of blood or stool-related cultures is not 100%.
%
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However, it is not impossible to fully identify Listeria infection during pregnancy.
When the following symptoms occur during pregnancy, and there has been raw food, semi-cooked food, or refrigerated food with unknown storage conditions, special vigilance is needed for the presence of Listeria infection
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●Unexplained fever ●Reduced fetal movement ●Preterm uterine contractions ●Gastrointestinal or upper respiratory tract infection symptoms When the above symptoms occur, you need to seek medical attention in time, and provide the doctor with a medical history of eating suspicious foods
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Q3 How to treat Listeria infection in pregnancy The good news is that Listeria is sensitive to most antibiotics, and there are few reports of multidrug-resistant bacteria, but it is naturally resistant to third-generation cephalosporins
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Studies in China have found that Listeria monocytogenes is sensitive to penicillin, ampicillin and meropenem
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Currently, most guidelines recommend the combination of amoxicillin (amoxicillin) and gentamicin as first-line therapy
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Considering the safety of medication during pregnancy, aminopenicillin is recommended as the first-line medication during pregnancy
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However, due to safety concerns during pregnancy, medical institutions often use cephalosporin antibiotics to treat pregnancy infections (reports show that the proportion is about 2/3), and this treatment is ineffective against Listeria
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Therefore, when a listeria infection is suspected, it is best to switch to penicillin-based treatment
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Finally, here are a few tips about listeriosis in pregnancy: the overall incidence of listeriosis during pregnancy is relatively low.
The Chinese data is that every 10,000 births, 1.
4 people are sick, so there is no need to worry too much
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Try to avoid raw food, semi-cooked food or refrigerated food with unknown storage conditions during pregnancy
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If you have unexplained fever, decreased fetal movement, gastrointestinal and flu-like symptoms during pregnancy, seek medical attention immediately
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Use aminopenicillins whenever possible when considering possible Listeria infection in pregnancy
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[7] "Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of Listeria monocytogenes infection" Up to Date Source of this article: Zhuozheng Science Health Express Author of this article: Dr.
Gai Yuan Responsible editor: Yichuan recommends reading Threatened abortion Progesterone is effective in preventing miscarriage ? It depends on how to use Bao Ma to take more than 500 injections to protect the miscarriage during pregnancy.
Why is it so difficult to protect the miscarriage? Oxytocin causes off-label adverse reactions, how to deal with it? Academician Chen Zijiang: How to do a good job of diagnosis and treatment when encountering repeated miscarriage? Copyright statement This article is reprinted and welcome to forward it to Moments - End - Call for Papers "Medical Obstetrics and Gynecology Channel" long-term recruitment of online authors, 1.
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