The team developed magic potions to return a variety of somatic cells to old age.

"Back to old age" is becoming a reality in the lab.
biologists developed a set of "magic potions", in turn, cells "bath", can quickly and well achieve a variety of somatic cell types of "old-age child."
After five years of research, the research team led by yu Tingqing, a researcher at the Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, revealed the scientific principles of chemical methods for the preparation of stem cells, providing a new scientific perspective and solutions for the research and optimization of the preparation of induced pluripotent stem cells.
results were published online April 6 thinly in the international stem cell authoritative journal Cell Stem Cells, Beijing time.
A, unlock the "password string" so that the cell "new" end-of-the-line team developed this set of chemical small molecules to induce pluripotent stem cells, simply give the cells with two different "potions" in turn "bath", can be somatic cells "back to the old child" to the state of pluripotent stem cells.
multi-energy stem cells are a kind of self-renewing, self-replicating ability of cells, with the potential function of regenerating various tissue organs.
how do these magical "magic potions" induce adult cells into the pluripotent stem cell state early in embryonic development? The study found that the fate of cells is controlled by the state of the "information center" chromatin inside the nucleus, and the sum of the open (1) and closed (0) states of the cell chromatin constitutes the state of fate of the cell.
this situation is like a computer binary "password string" that can "lock" cells in a specific state. Further research by the
team found that around open chromatin sites in adult cells were guarded by members of the transcription factor family such as AP-1 and ETS, while in stem cells, by members of the transcription factor family such as OCT, SOX, and KLF.
the cells of the "return to the old child", that is, the chromatin guarded by the adult cells from open to closed, while the stem cell guard chromatin from the closed to the open replacement process.
said that the study is the use of drugs to fine-tune the cell chromatin "cryptostring", first use a group of drugs to the fate of the cell "unlock", and then use another set of drugs to drive the fate of the cell to the state of pluripotent stem cells, and thus achieve the fate of the cell "return to the child."
B, the new scheme is better than the Nobel Prize winner's original method so that the cell "back to old age" method is more than one, the new method of the team is simpler and more efficient.
2012 Nobel Prize winner in physiology or medicine, Yamanaka is one of the founders of induced pluripotent stem cells.
2007, his team used experiments on mice to find ways to induce human epidermal cells to make them active with embryonic stem cells.
stem cells induced by this method can be converted into heart and nerve cells, providing a huge boost in research into the treatment of a variety of cardiovascular terminaldiseases.
method exempts the use of human embryos to extract stem cells ethical constraints, so it is widely used around the world, the industry called the "mountain extension method."
but in the research methodof Yamasanti, the use of viral vectors for reverse transcription is prone to cancer, for future clinical applications have a greater risk.
in order to induce somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells, scientists from various countries are constantly developing new methods. In the late
, scientists used small chemical molecules to replace the yamayama elongation factor to induce pluripotent stem cells, but there are many steps, long time, low efficiency, mechanism is not clear and other shortcomings. Liu Jing, a researcher at the Guangzhou Institute of Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and one of the authors of the
paper, said that the new method for Chinese scientists is simple, efficient, requires few initial cells, and is easy to standardize and is widely used.
in addition, the programme can achieve a variety of somatic cell types "return to old child", including in vitro extremely difficult to culture liver cells.
C, method safe and efficient application of broad stem cell and regenerative medicine in recent years, aimed at stem cell transplantation, differentiation and tissue regeneration, to promote the body trauma repair, treatment of diseases, has a significant clinical application value, but also to measure a country's life science and medical development level of an important index.
introduced, the discovery of the new scheme, because of the introduction of external genes, simple operation, the induction process conditions uniform, standardized, will provide a safe and efficient method of preparing stem cells, with a broad application market. At the same time,
, this method provides a new direction for opening up the fate of drug-induced cells, which will greatly promote the development of stem cells and regenerative medicine, and serve the medical and health undertakings of our country.
scientists further declassified the mechanism by which a single small molecule drug "unlocks" the chromatin code in the cell, and found that the key small molecule Brdu can act directly on the DNA structure itself to regulate the chromatin password state, thus pushing the cell's "return to old age."
the discovery provides a breakthrough for the development of smaller molecules that are more efficient and simply used in cells that "return to old age." Xie Xin, a researcher at the Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Research of
the Chinese Academy of Sciences and deputy director of the National Center for New Drug Screening, said that Chinese scientists complement each other in the field of compound-induced pluripotent stem cells, which china is a world leader in.
Source: Sheep City Evening News.