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Oropharyngeal cancer caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) has risen sharply in recent years, replacing tobacco use and alcohol abuse as the main drivers of
new cases.
Fortunately, HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer has a higher survival rate compared to other head and neck cancers, and lower-intensity treatment options can be employed, especially when diagnosed early
.
Circulating tumor HPV DNA (ctHPV DNA), a promising biomarker for early diagnosis and prediction of recurrence, is found in the blood of nearly 90% of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer patients and can be detected
using commercially available blood tests to measure HPV DNA (TTMV-HPV DNA) in tumor cells.
However, in one study
of 110 patients with HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital (one of the founding members of Brigham Health System) found that TTMV-HPV DNA levels correlated with the presence of cancer in the lymph nodes and were often undetectable
in patients without neck masses.
This has huge implications for how the test is interpreted and applied to early-stage disease, potentially meaning that it is not effective
for screening and early diagnosis of this increasingly common disease.
"ctHPV DNA testing is becoming a powerful tool for the diagnosis, treatment, and post-treatment surveillance of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer," said
Eleni M.
Rettig, Ph.
D.
, first author of the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute at Brigham and Women's Hospital.
Rettig is also an affiliated faculty member
of the Center for Surgery and Public Health.
"It's increasingly important to
understand the advantages and limitations of this type of testing.
"
Association of Pretreatment Circulating Tumor Tissue–Modified Viral HPV DNA With Clinicopathologic Factors in HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer