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Physicists in the GERDA experiment have completed their first background-free interference search but found no signs of "neutrino bi-beta decay," according to a major breakthrough in particle physics published in the British journal Nature.
"Neutrino-free bi-beta decay" is a radioactive decay that, if found, would prove neutrino to be its own antiparticle, ending a long-standing debate in particle physics.
the expansion theory of some classical models of particle physics explains why there is more matter in the universe today than in antimatter by assuming that neutrino is its own antiparticle.
if the hypothesis is true, then there should be a radioactive decay called neutrino-free bi-beta decay, in which the nucleus decays by radiating two electrons rather than neutrino.
In other words, "neutrino-free bi-beta decay" can occur only if neutrino is its own antiparticle, and neutrino will be the only material particle suitable for the mixture of matter and antimatter.
, however, since the half-life of neutrino-free bi-beta decay is at least 15 orders of magnitude of the universe's age, anyone who wants to observe it must suppress all background signals that might interfere with the detection.
gerda collaboration group recently reported the first data for Phase II.
GERDA, located 1,400 meters underground at the National Laboratory in Gran Sasso, Italy, is very effective at filtering out background electromagnetic spectrum, and its team includes physicists from dozens of European research institutions, including the University of Tubingen in Germany, the University of Technology in Munich, and the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics.
researchers searched for "neutrino-free bi-beta decay" in a 35.6-kilogram 76Ge isotope.
team members reported that they completed the field's first backgroundless experiment by excluding background signals -- but they found no signs of "neutrino-free bi-beta decay."
In a news and opinion piece for the paper in the journal Nature, Philip Balbo, a scientist at Duke University in the United States, said physicists had been searching for mysterious forms of radioactive decay, and that the backgroundless search was an excellent achievement for the field, meaning that future searches would be highly sensitive to neutrino-free bitatale decay.
(Reporter Zhang Mengran) Editor-in-chief Circle Point Neutrino is called a ghost particle, because it is difficult to react with other particles, difficult to detect, so we know the least basic particles.
scientists have set up capture devices in caves next to nuclear power plants and in the Antarctic ice, hoping to sift through the mass of signals for rare and useful data.
the idea that neutrino is its own antiparticle is an enticing theory, and although the Italian experiment did not give a positive answer, scientists would not give up the hypothesis lightly.
, China's Jiangmen experimental device will reveal more secrets about neutrino.
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