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    Home > Active Ingredient News > Antitumor Therapy > Provides a new perspective for improving the effect of cancer immunotherapy

    Provides a new perspective for improving the effect of cancer immunotherapy

    • Last Update: 2020-01-21
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    The top academic journal Nature launched three papers at the same time last week, providing a new perspective for improving the effect of cancer immunotherapy Three independent studies from the National Institutes of health and medicine of France (INSERM), the Anderson Cancer Center of the University of Texas (MD), and the Lund University of Sweden put B cells, a key role in the immune system, in the spotlight of anti-tumor When it comes to immunotherapy, many readers may be familiar with it This innovative cancer treatment method, by mobilizing the patient's own immune system to fight against cancer, makes many previously incurable cancer patients miraculously escape the magic claw of death Unfortunately, immunotherapy is not a panacea At present, only about 20% of patients receiving immunotherapy can obtain lasting clinical benefits Why do some patients have better results? If we can find out the principle, it will help to develop new therapies and benefit more patients The existing immunotherapy focuses on the killer T cells in the immune system, improving their ability to recognize and attack cancer cells At the same time, the three papers pointed out that T cells are not the only immune cells capable of fighting against cancer These three studies have observed that when B cells form a kind of cell mass called "tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS)" in the tumor, the patients receiving immunotherapy will have better effect Professor Fridman's team analyzed the gene expression profiles of more than 600 soft tissue sarcomas, and divided the samples into multiple subgroups based on the characteristics of immune cells They found that B cell was the strongest prognostic factor, and the survival rate of B cell rich immune subgroup was the highest after receiving anti PD1 mAb in clinical trial stage The second study studied the role of B cells in clinical samples of metastatic melanoma, and found that CD8 positive T cells and CD20 positive B cells appeared at the same time, which predicted a higher survival rate of patients The analysis of molecular phenotype shows that the third-order lymphoid structure plays a key role in the immune microenvironment of melanoma, which endows T cells with different phenotypes The third study first compared tumors that worked and did not work on immunotherapy in patients with melanoma The results of large-scale RNA sequencing showed that B-cell marker was the gene with the most significant difference between the two types of tumors Then, the study group was tested in two groups of patients with renal cell carcinoma and melanoma who received immunosuppressive checkpoint inhibitors "We found that B cells are not idle bystanders, but also make a significant contribution to the immune response against tumors." Dr Beth hellmink, lead author of the study at the University of Texas Anderson Cancer Center, said B cells are immune cells that produce antibodies Although it is not clear how the B cells in the third-order lymphoid structure work, scientists speculate that the B cells in the front line of anti-tumor may produce antibodies to effectively fight against cancer cells, or may play a role by supporting T cells Nature has a high opinion on this discovery and specially published special comments Professor tullia Bruno, an immunologist, pointed out in the review that the papers "have insight and use statistically reliable clinical data to bring B cell and tertiary lymph structure to the forefront of anti-tumor immunity" These results also point out a new direction for the follow-up study Combining T-cell-mediated immunotherapy with the method of using B-cell, it is expected to bring more patients with effective anti-cancer effect.
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