Time perception may be largely regulated by the corresponding nerve energy.

People's perception of the world is built from a series of perceived "snapshots".
snapshots are like the moment the camera shutter is pressed, and the images of the instantaneous data unfold in turn in the time dimension, giving people a continuous subjective time experience.
snapshots are related to the sensory sampling process of the nervous system, and different perceptual systems have very different sampling frequencies.
In the case of vision, for example, one can generally see the alternating flickering of different color blocks with frequencies below 20 Hz, and when the flickering frequency increases, perception gradually becomes a stable fusion block of color.
other words, the visual perception of color objects has a sampling rate of about 20 Hz.
sense of smell is subject to breathing, which is very slow compared to about 0.5 Hz.
in the brain, perceptual information from different channels with different time resolutions is eventually integrated into a unified perceptual sign, and information across sensory channels interacts in the process.
, how is cross-channel information coordinated in the time dimension during the interactive integration process? Does the rough smell information of time accuracy affect the visual perception sampling rate, which in turn changes the time experience of the visual object?The Zhou Wei research group of the Institute of Psychology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences used behavioral experiments and electro-brain (EEG) techniques to study the above-mentioned problems. in the
experiment, subjects watched two fast-flashing red-green stimulus sequences, one of which contained a graphic of an apple or banana, alternating the opposite color of the flashing stimulus graphic, and the other with a corresponding color block (Figure 1A).
subjects to determine which sequence in which object graphics can be seen.
Because the red and green colors used matched the subjective brightness, when the flicker frequency was near the subject's threshold, the subjects could only see the graphic in some trials, while in other trials they saw fused orange blocks.
the subjects smelled like apples or bananas while completing their visual tasks.
results (Figure 1B), olfactory information can promote the visibility of consistent (relative to inconsistent) graphics flashing near the threshold, improve the subject's judgment, and raise the corresponding flash fusion threshold.
the corresponding control experiments show that the above effects are not caused by top-down cognitive control or semantic initiation.
1. (A)2AFC object detection mission schematic.
(B) flash fusion threshold near the subject's score (left) and the fitted psychophysical curve and estimated flash fusion threshold (right).
followed experiments used similar paradigms and recorded electrical encephalopathic signals to examine the neural basis of odor-modulation visual object sampling.
The time-frequency analysis of EE Signals shows that the consistency of olfactory and visual information (as opposed to inconsistuation) enhances the neurocontroscence activity corresponding to the flickering frequency of stimuli approximately 150-300 milliseconds after the visual graph is rendered, and its distribution is mainly in the right temporal lobe, a brain region closely related to object indication.
terrain distribution of the sniffing consistent effect (difference between consistent and inconsistent conditions) in figure 2. (A).
timefring results after the average of the (B) T8/TP8/P8 electrodes.
(C) fits the T8/TP8/P8 average hourly results.
results of the (D) sniffing consistent effect.
nerve signal intensity associated with the charactertation of the object is considered to be the basis for the brain to infer the corresponding time distance.
the enhancement of the temporal lobe object signal brought about by odor accompanied by an individual's subjective length of time on the object? Subsequent experiments used a time-comparison task; the subjects looked at pictures of apples and bananas and judged which one took longer (Figure 3A).
one of the images is a standard stimulus, rendering 500 milliseconds, and the other is a comparative stimulus, rendering 300-700 milliseconds.
subjects smelled like apples or bananas while completing their time tasks.
experimental results show that the olfactory information adjusts the psychophysical curve corresponding to the time processing, increasing the subjective duration of the consistent (as opposed to inconsistent) visual graph, and that the time "expansion" effect is not caused by top-down cognitive control or semantic initiation.
diagram of the task comparing the duration of Figure 3. (A).
physical curve (left and center) corresponding to the performance of the time task (B) and the estimated subjective ethism (right).
This study clearly shows that olfactory information can regulate visual sampling and subjective time perception on the basis of object charactertation consistency, thus providing a new reference for us to understand the time mechanism of the interaction and integration of multi-sensory channel information and its neural basis.
, the results of the study further reveal that people's perception of time may be largely regulated by the corresponding neural energy, just as physical space-time is distorted by the energy of matter.
.