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    Home > Active Ingredient News > Drugs Articles > Top 10 Biotechs in the World in 2020

    Top 10 Biotechs in the World in 2020

    • Last Update: 2021-01-20
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    In 2020, the continued outbreak of the new crown has filled the world with anticipation, and biotechnology has undoubtedly become the focus of global attention.
    With science, nature and other authoritative magazines and media on the 2020 global major scientific discoveries, breakthrough results, such as the selection of the release of comprehensive social impact, industry focus, as well as the long-term development of the industry, this paper selected the most important ten popular biotechnology for detailed reporting.
    1. New vaccines: mRNA vaccines, adenovirus vaccines, recombinant protein vaccines As the most important means of sniping the new coronavirus, the research progress of the new crown vaccine is undoubtedly the most concerned, and the research and development route of the vaccine has expanded from traditional inactivated and detoxifying vaccines to second-generation recombinant protein vaccines and sub-unit vaccines, third-generation nucleic acid vaccines and adenovirus vector vaccines, including RNA vaccines and DNA vaccines.
    With countries to increase vaccine research and development efforts, at present, China's inactivated vaccine has three phase III clinical trials, its Chinese pharmaceutical group China Biological two inactivated vaccines approved for listing abroad, in china to accept the listing application, Koxing Biological inactivated vaccine will also be released 15 days later Phase III trial data, the rest of the various types of vaccines have also made breakthrough progress.
    mRNA vaccine: In addition to inactivated vaccines, mRNA vaccines are the fastest growing and have the largest number on the market.
    include BioNTech/Pfizer/Fosun's mRNA vaccine "BNT162b2" and Moderna's mRNA vaccine "mRNA-1273".
    "BNT162b2" was first approved for emergency use in the UK on December 2nd, followed by approval from Bahrain, Canada, Saudi Arabia, Mexico and the United States, and on December 21st it was granted conditional sales license from the European Union, making it the world's first approved new mRNA crown vaccine and the world's first successfully marketed nucleic acid vaccine and third-generation vaccine.
    Previous Phase III clinical trials of the vaccine have shown 95 per cent efficacy, however, with the mass vaccination of the vaccine, eight people developed severe allergic reactions, and two deaths in Israel, whether vaccine-related has yet to be confirmed, the subjects are 16 years of age and older.
    "mRNA-1273" was approved by the FDA for emergency use on December 18, the world's first approved clinical new crown vaccine, the second approved mRNA vaccine and nucleic acid vaccine.
    phase III clinical trial results showed that the protective effect was 94.5%, and the side effects were higher than "BNT162b2", mainly in people 18 years of age and older.
    . DNA Vaccine: The DNA vaccine INO-4800, developed by U.S. biotech company INOVIO in collaboration with Suzhou Ai Weixin, conducted Phase II/III clinical trials and Phase II clinical trials in the U.S. and China, with the main subjects being people 18 years of age and older.
    Adenovirus vector vaccine: Currently, the faster-developed adenovirus vector vaccine consists mainly of the "ChAdOx1 nCoV-19" developed by Oxford University/AstraZenecon and the "recombinant new coronavirus vaccine (Ad5-nCoV)" developed by the Institute of Bioengineering/Concino of the Military Medical Research Institute of the Academy of Military Sciences.
    the effectiveness of the "ChAdOx1 nCoV-19" vaccine is about 70% and its effectiveness is questioned.
    Phase III clinical trial of the "Recombined New Coronavirus Vaccine (Adenovirus Vector) (Ad5-nCoV)" is under way and has not yet seen adverse reactions and has been approved for use within the military.
    . Sub-unit vaccine/recombinal protein vaccine: The vaccine in phase III of the clinic is mainly the recombined sub-unit vaccine "recombined new coronavirus vaccine (CHO cell)" jointly studied by Zhifei Biology/Chinese Academy of Sciences Microbiology, and is also the fifth new coronary vaccine to enter Phase III clinical trial in China.
    2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd, 2nd,
    antibodies are produced when pathogenic microorganisms invade the body.
    pathogenic microorganisms invade cells by relying on specific molecules expressed by the pathogen itself to bind to the subjects on the cells in order to infect the cells and further amplification.
    antibodies are certain antibodies produced by B lymphocytes that bind to antigens on the surface of the pathogenic microorganism, thereby preventing the pathogenic microorganism from clinging to the target cell's subject and preventing intrusion into the cell.
    antibody drugs are more targeted and specific and have fewer side effects than small molecule drugs because they already exist in the human body.
    antibody drug was first developed as a regenerative drug, and its cocktail therapy EB-3 against Ebola virus and antibody has been successfully developed and is defined as an orphan drug entering the priority review phase.
    Vir biotechnology's anti-Ebola virus and antibody mAb114 also showed similar efficacy to EB-3, ending clinical trials early.
    Anti-neoproviral and antibody drugs block the binding of S proteins to the surface of the new coronavirus, blocking its binding to the host cell surface subject, thereby blocking its access to human cells and acting as a block to the spread of the virus and infection of other cells.
    breakthrough has been made in the global study of anti-neo-coronavirus and antibody drugs.
    , Lilly's antibody drug bamlanivimab (LY-CoV555) was approved for emergency use by the FDA on November 9, and new in-phase analysis data for monoantigen JS016 (the first chinese-entered clinical mesothetic antibody drug in China) and LY-CoV555 combination therapy ZEBLA-1 have also been disclosed.
    Regeneratives in collaboration with Roche's casirivimab and imdevimab in combination with antibody-dosed cocktail therapy REGEN-COV2 was also approved by the FDA for emergency use on November 22 and reached the clinical end of Phase II/III.
    Currently, GSK/Vir's meso-antibodies are also entering Phase III clinically, the effects of combined use with two antibodies from Tensumbo drugs will be tested in the NIH-led Activ-3 project, CCT-P59 in Celltrion, South Korea, is in Phase II/III Clinical, and AstraZeneca's long-acting new coronavirus and antibodies are entering Phase III clinical trials.
    the main companies and projects in the research are: Fuhong Hanxuan / Sanyou Bio / Shanghai Jiang Biological HLX70, Tengsheng Bo medicine BRII-196 and BRIII-198, Baiji Shenzhou / Danshu Bio DXP-593 and DXP-604, Meiwei Bio's MW33, Shenzhou cell SCTA01 and so on have also entered Phase I clinical.
    , gene editing technology since the advent of gene editing technology, around its research results continue to make breakthroughs.
    2020, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to the inventor of CRISPR/Cas9, making CRISPR the focus of academic discussion outside the new crown.
    the same time, further progress has been made in the treatment of diseases.
    On April 27th, a clinical trial conducted by Huaxi Hospital on "the world's first gene editing technology to transform T-cells to treat late-stage retreatable non-small cell lung cancer" showed that 12 patients who received gene-edited T-cell reseedation therapy had a medium total survival of 42.6 weeks, one of which lasted 76 weeks.
    July 22, Shanghai Bangyao Bio and Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, in cooperation with the γ-activated self-hematopoietic stem cell transplant treatment of heavy-duty β clinical study of thalassemia safety and effectiveness" clinical trial results show that two patients have been freed from blood transfusion dependence to be cured and discharged, this is the first time in Asia through gene editing technology treatment of thalassemia, and the world's first successful treatment of beta-0/beta-type severe thalassemia through CRISPR gene editing technology.
    A December 5 article by researchers at the Sarsh Cannon Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, and others demonstrated that using CRISPR-Cas9 technology to edit in-body CD34 plus cells to increase fetal hemoglobin expression can effectively treat sickle-type red blood cell anemia (SCD) and β-thalassemia (TDT), two common genetic defective diseases that currently require no blood transfusion in both clinical patients.
    Researchers at Tel Aviv University in Israel modified the DNA of cancer cells using CRISPR technology by conducting glioblastoma and metastatic ovarian cancer trials in mice, and showed that the treated cancer cells were not active and that the technique had no side effects throughout, proving that CRISPR was very effective in treating various invasive cancers.
    , AI accurate prediction of protein 3D structure for many years, scientists have been working through modeling methods to accurately predict protein structure research, many research teams through computer programs to detect the amino acids that make up proteins, and to speculate on the three-dimensional structure of proteins.
    On November 30th, alphabet's next-generation AlphaFold artificial intelligence system, developed by Alphabet's DeepMind, scored a median 92.4GDT, accurately predicting how proteins would curl from linear amino acid chains into 3D shapes, solving the long-standing problem of how proteins in biology fold.
    Based on the results, the results show that most of the protein structure can be predicted, some of the predicted protein structure is comparable to crystal experiments, and complements the frozen electroscope and X-ray crystallism to help the analysis of protein structure, and will be beneficial to the application of new drug research and development.
    , KRAS inhibitor sotorasib December 17, Amgen submitted to the FDA KRAS G12C inhibitor sotorasib new drug application, sotorasib is the first into clinical development of KRAS G12C inhibitor, can inhibit the extracellular signal regulation kinase (ERK) phosphorylation.
    Based on published Phase I clinical results, it showed positive therapeutic results in 129 patients with solid tumors and is expected to be the first late NSCLC-targeted drug approved for treatment of KRAS G12C mutations, but with certain toxic side effects.
    previously, Sotorasib had been granted FDA Breakthrough Drug Qualification (BTD) and Real-Time Oncology Review Qualification (RTOR).
    KRAS is the most frequently mutated cancer gene in humans.
    study found that one-third of known cancers were found to be activated, and that mutations in KRAS were often associated with drug resistance for targeted treatment and poor prognostication in cancer patients, however, no KRAS inhibitors have yet been approved.
    , June 13 (Xinhua) The world's first "living robot" Xenobots has been crafted using living cells extracted from frog embryos, PNAS announced in an article published on January 13.
    Xenobots is a collaboration between computer scientists at the University of Vermont and biologists at Tufts University, 100% of new organisms created using frog cells, less than 1 mm long, with self-healing capabilities and the ability to move in a specified direction.
    Xenobots could be used to remove radioactive waste, collect marine microplastics, and remove arterial plaques.
    researchers also say that by inducing regeneration, such as disease or injury sites, it may promote the use of regenerative medicine.
    , however, due to the many unknown risks that Xenobots may present, there are also serious ethical issues.
    , June 3, Harvard Medical School and other institutions published an article in Nature, said that the use of human multi-potent stem cells to grow hairy skin-like organs.
    Researchers induced epidermation by adding bone morphological protein 4 and transformation growth factor-β inhibitors, and dermatological formation by adding growth factor FGF2 and bone morphology factor inhibitors, and eventually after 4-5 months of culture, forming complete skin tissue containing envelopes, sebum glands, nerves, muscles and fats.
    the skin on the back of the immunodeficiency mice, 55 percent of the skin grew hair, indicating that the transplanted skin had growth and differentiation potential similar to that of human skin.
    December 16th, Nature published the in-body recombination of human organs, the world's first in-body reconstructed organ, developed by Professor Kunyoo Shin of Posai University of Science and Technology in South Korea and a team led by Ja Hyeon Ku of Seoul National University Hospital.
    bladder assembly is a multi-layered micro-organ tissue structure with cortical cells, substitin cells and muscle cells, in the laboratory, using tissue substates, stem cells and a variety of cells for three-dimensional reconstruction, at the single-cell level, these bladder assembly in cell composition and gene expression show mature human bladder characteristics, and can mimic normal tissue response to damage in the body regenerative dynamics.
    team has also developed patient-specific urethra skin cancer assemblies that perfectly simulate the pathological characteristics of tumors in the body.
    same day, Cell published the "3D cortique-motor neurone assembly" built by a team led by Associate Professor Sergiu Pasca of Stanford University School of Medicine, the world's first working model of a human neural circuit responsible for autonomous motion.
    researchers first used human stem cells to create a brain cortical or back-brain/spinal cord-like organ, and then in a petri dish, they were allowed to self-assemble with human skeletal muscle spheres to produce 3D cortical-motor assembly.
    the system demonstrates that 3D culture has an extraordinary self-assembly capability, forming functional circuits that can be used to understand development and disease. the development of
    -type assemblies breaks through the limitations of the current organ-like technology not being able to simulate mature organ structure, the lack of in-tissue micro-environment and the related role of cells in tissues, and helps to accurately model incurable diseases such as cancer. <br/
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