Traditional Chinese medicine: how to revive the national traditional industry?

September 25, 2013 source: in order to realize the Chinese dream, China Industrial and economic news must follow the Chinese road, carry forward the Chinese spirit, gather Chinese strength and embody Chinese elements As a treasure of the Chinese nation, traditional Chinese medicine contains rich philosophical thoughts and humanistic spirit Its development is not only related to the development of national culture, but also plays an important strategic role in national rejuvenation and national prosperity With the progress of health concept and the change of medical model, the development prospect of traditional Chinese medicine is more broad The characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine can be simplified into four words: "simple and effective" To this day, this advantage still exists For example, during the spread of influenza A in 2009, Chinese scientists and technicians developed Jinhua Qinggan formula by combining two ancient prescriptions with a history of 2000 and 200 years, which is superior to imported western medicine Tamiflu in efficacy, cost and side effects In 2008, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences established a research group on the national conditions of traditional Chinese medicine In more than four years, the research group conducted research on nearly 60 cities, counties and banners in 22 provinces, regions and cities Chen qiguang, executive leader of the research group and researcher of the Institute of economics, Academy of Social Sciences, pointed out in the research report that traditional Chinese medicine has advantages in economic cost and technical effectiveness in health care, disease prevention and treatment, so it has great strategic value for China in the field of medicine In addition, in China's economic, cultural, security, ecological civilization, scientific and technological innovation and other strategic areas, traditional Chinese medicine is also of great significance With its unique advantages, traditional Chinese medicine plays an irreplaceable role in China's medical and health undertakings According to the excerpt of national statistics of traditional Chinese medicine, in 2012, with 4.14% of medical institutions, 8.99% of personnel and 5.84% of financial investment, traditional Chinese medicine undertook 15.26% of urgent, outpatient and 11.34% of inpatient medical tasks Chen qiguang told reporters that the outpatient cost of traditional Chinese medicine is 20% lower than that of Western Medicine on average, while the per capita medical cost in the United States is about 60 times that of China If we copy the American way of medicine, our patients and the government will not be able to bear the high cost In his opinion, the reason why the cost of Western medicine is higher than that of traditional Chinese medicine is related to the use of different technical means in the two medical methods For example, if the medical process is divided into three stages: diagnosis, diagnosis and treatment, western medicine must rely heavily on modern physical and chemical means that do not necessarily involve medical knowledge in the process of diagnosis Traditional Chinese medicine integrates the two stages of "diagnosis" and "disconnection" into the "looking, hearing and questioning" that must use medical knowledge and experience, thus putting forward higher requirements for doctors, but traditional Chinese medicine, which must rely on professional knowledge and sensory skills, is a "diagnosis" Because the material consumption and energy consumption are not so intuitive, they are not recognized by the national medical fee system Although the medical expenses are reduced, the income of TCM institutions and personnel is greatly affected Chen qiguang pointed out that the fundamental difference between traditional Chinese medicine and modern western medicine lies in the difference of medical philosophy and theoretical method system behind them Traditional Chinese medicine originates from agricultural civilization, emphasizing the unity of man and nature, and human beings can get health only by following the laws of nature Its basic mode of thinking is dialectical holism; while modern western medicine originates from industrial civilization, emphasizing the independent creativity of human beings to challenge and defeat nature, and its mode of thinking is mainly analytical reductionism Under the guidance of these two philosophies and theoretical systems, traditional Chinese medicine takes materials from plants, animals, minerals and other natural substances, and finally through the comprehensive judgment of the specific situation of patients by doctors, a variety of herbal medicines are combined Therefore, an integrated "formula" rather than a specific "medicine" is used to treat the disease Western medicine, on the other hand, can obtain synthetic drugs with fixed components and structures by physical and chemical methods However, due to the limitations of animal experiments and phase III clinical trials, western medicine has encountered the problems of drug resistance and side effects since it came into being, so most varieties have been eliminated For example, artemisinin from Artemisia annua, a traditional Chinese medicine, soon had to return to the road of compound because of the drug resistance of monomer Therefore, Chen qiguang pointed out that the thinking of modern western medicine can not be directly applied to traditional Chinese medicine, otherwise there will be problems Some so-called "modern Chinese medicine" have abandoned the concept of sexual taste in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine and treated and used traditional Chinese medicine from the perspective of the composition theory of Western medicine, which not only gave birth to the market of extract of traditional Chinese medicine, but also caused a large amount of waste of excellent traditional Chinese medicine, and derived the problem that the dregs of traditional Chinese medicine pretended to be medicine Another example is traditional Chinese medicine injection, which belittles the unstable characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine as a natural substance and changes the safe way of administration of traditional Chinese medicine, but uses the method of blood vessel injection, which increases the safety risk "The most important thing is to adhere to the principle of" attaching equal importance to both Chinese and Western medicine "and encourage them to cooperate with each other on the basis of their independent development, rather than rashly combining the two different knowledge theories and methods and skill systems." Chen qiguang stressed that "as a typical national traditional industry, traditional Chinese medicine can only get healthy, independent and sustainable development if it first follows its own principles and rules." In recent years, under the guidance of the policy of "attaching equal importance to both Chinese and Western medicine", the industry of traditional Chinese medicine has shown a vigorous development trend During the 11th Five Year Plan period, the annual growth rate of Chinese traditional medicine industry is 22%, which is higher than the average level of the pharmaceutical industry In 2006, the industrial output value of Chinese patent medicine was 122.769 billion yuan; by 2010, the output value of Chinese patent medicine reached 246.6 billion yuan, while the industrial output value of the whole industry of traditional Chinese medicine was 317.2 billion yuan, accounting for 1 / 4 of the total output value of the pharmaceutical industry (1.25 trillion yuan) In 2012, the output value of proprietary Chinese medicine and herbal pieces reached 412.6 billion yuan and 102 billion yuan The industrial output value of the whole industry of traditional Chinese medicine has accounted for 28% of the total output value of the pharmaceutical industry (1.83 trillion yuan), which is expected to rise to 1 / 3 this year For the rumor that a large number of "foreign traditional Chinese medicine" has been sold back to China, Yu Zhibin, deputy director of the traditional Chinese Medicine Department of China Chamber of Commerce for the import and export of medical and health products, used the data to clarify the reporter of China made economic news: in 2012, almost half of the imports of Chinese patent medicine came from Hong Kong's "Kyoto nianci'an" products, accounting for 120 million US dollars of total imports In addition, there are many products imported from Hong Kong and Taiwan, such as wind drive oil, while the import volume of Japanese and Korean herbal medicines and German herbal medicines is very small Compared with the total sales volume of about 80 billion US dollars in the domestic traditional Chinese medicine market, it is even less than a drop in the bucket However, some long-term problems still exist Zhang Boli, President of the Chinese Academy of traditional Chinese medicine and academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering, summed up these problems from five aspects: the weakening of TCM thinking, the weakening of TCM characteristics, the academic alienation of TCM, the degradation of TCM technology, and the Westernization of TCM evaluation Chen qiguang pointed out to reporters that to achieve sustainable development of traditional Chinese medicine, we need to break through the constraints of three major factors The first and most important factor is social concept Since the 20th century, under the influence of radical anti-traditional thoughts, people have gradually regarded traditional culture as backward culture, and then embarked on the mechanical materialism of scientism Secondly, the medical management system In some areas, the policy of "attaching equal importance to both Chinese and Western medicine" has not been well implemented Instead, it uses the idea of Western medicine to manage the industry of traditional Chinese medicine, and lacks a unified department coordination, resulting in many policies that are not conducive to the development of the industry For example, after the implementation of the law of practicing doctors in 1999, in the qualification examination, traditional Chinese medicine is required to test western medicine knowledge, but not western medicine knowledge However, in Japan, in the past few years, it was clearly required that western medicine must take traditional medical knowledge in the examination Again, the operation mechanism In the case of over marketization of medical treatment in the previous stage, commercial bribes of various pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises are widespread, leading to the disorder of over medical treatment, while the low price of traditional Chinese medicine, especially Chinese herbal pieces, has become a disadvantage in the market competition To this end, Chen qiguang believes that the urgent task is to accelerate the introduction of TCM legislation, so as to realize the separate management of Chinese and Western medicine, introduce the qualification system of traditional Chinese medicine practitioners and traditional Chinese medicine practitioners, change the unreasonable medical fee system, and increase the government's financial support for authentic TCM Chen qiguang also reminded that China should be ahead of foreign investment in the use of traditional Chinese medicine With the limitation of chemical medicine becoming more and more obvious, and the difficulty and failure rate of new drug research and development becoming larger and larger, under this background, foreign giants will enter the field of traditional Chinese medicine with strategic vision, because relying on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine accumulated for thousands of years can save a lot of research and development time, capital and material investment, and obtain the protection of modern intellectual property rights In recent years, with the recognition of the World Health Organization (who) for the prevention concept of "prevention of disease before treatment", the application of "natural therapy" is becoming more and more popular in the world, and TCM has gained good external conditions to go to the world According to the data of China Chamber of Commerce for the import and export of medical and health care products, since the concept of "internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine" was put forward, after nearly 20 years of development, Chinese traditional medicine products have been sold to more than 160 countries and regions, and the export volume has increased from 600 million US dollars in 1996 to 2.5 billion US dollars in 2012, making great progress However, most of the export products of traditional Chinese medicine are raw materials with low added value, and the export volume of traditional Chinese medicine with high added value has been at a low level In 2012, for example, China exported 2.5 billion US dollars of traditional Chinese medicine, including 2 billion US dollars as raw materials and extracts of traditional Chinese medicine, accounting for more than 80%, while the export of traditional Chinese medicine was only 260 million US dollars, accounting for 10% of the export It is still difficult for Chinese patent medicine to enter the European and American markets In the U.S market, Tianjin Tianshili's Compound Danshen dropping pill, although it went out in the way of Western medicine and passed the clinical research review of new drugs by the U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1997, has only entered the third phase of clinical trials, greatly exceeding the general 10 There are still many unknowable factors in the approval time of about, when the drug is listed in the United States as a drug In the European market, according to the European Union traditional herbal medicine registration directive in 2004, only Xinxuekang capsule of Chengdu Di'ao is registered successfully However, due to the lack of theoretical guidance of traditional Chinese medicine, the drug is not a clinical main drug in a strict sense, only an auxiliary drug Chen qiguang proposed that we should start with cultural exchange, and gradually promote traditional Chinese medicine overseas through "taking acupuncture with medicine, learning with medicine, learning with tourism, and taking medicine with tourism" But he also pointed out that medicine is not only a scientific issue, but also involves huge economic benefits Therefore, in the process of traditional Chinese medicine going to the world, we should first base ourselves on giving full play to our own advantages rather than forcibly transforming, weakening or even eliminating our own characteristics, so as to meet the original intention of introducing traditional Chinese medicine abroad, that is, to treat the diseases that modern western medicine can not work or the curative effect is not obvious; secondly, we should see that excellent traditional Chinese medicine is still in short supply at present, and it has many advantages in multinational enterprises When western medicine and medical devices with intellectual property rights occupy most of the domestic market, the industry of traditional Chinese medicine should take serving the local people as the primary task According to Yu Zhibin, walking in traditional Chinese Medicine