Treatment of COVID-19 Antibody Drugs Has More Potential than Small Molecules?

In a March 23 issue of the Journal of the American Society for Microbiology, several treatments for new coronal drugs were published, including the well-known chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine, redsiewe and antibody drugsThe end of the article quoted an article published by scientists at Wuhan University Zhongnan Hospital, mentioning that antibody drugs are more hopeful because they directly act on the new coronavirusdrug source analysisthe new coronavirus belongs to the positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus, which binds to the body through the S protein on its outer membrane and the ACE2 receptor, which is mainly located in the human respiratory tract, to produce inflammationInflammation worsens and causes the immune system to lose control, triggering cytokine storms and acute respiratory distress syndrome, which eventually failsSubject to the time limit of basic research and screening of new drugs, this basically recognized mechanism will in the short term be the logical framework for the discovery of new drugs, mainly new use of old drugsChloroquine/hydroxychloroquine and redsiewe are the most recent new coronadrugsAlthough there is no strict control against clinical trial data to prove the efficacy of these two drugs, clinical practice is basically the world's use of the usechloroquine/hydroxychloroquine, a small molecular drug used to treat malaria, was recommended by U.SPresident Donald Trump on March 19th, saying it could be a treatment for the new coronavirus, which has since attracted widespread public attention and discussionThe more plausible mechanism is that the virus needs to escape from the cell and then infect other cells after entering the cellThis escape process relies on the acidification of the cell's endosomes and fusion with the lysosomes, which can only be done at low pHChlorpyrifos belongs to a class of drugs called cationiai two-parent drugs CADs( cationiampiphilic drugs)CADs are captured in acidic subcellular chambers (e.gendosomes, lysosomes, and gorkys) at high concentrationsThis high concentration of CADs can increase the pH of their environment within these organelles, thereby inhibiting enzyme function, thus disrupting the virus's plansOne of the goals of new crown therapy is to control inflammation and help organs function properly to prevent the disease from worsening Chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine can also be used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, but its mechanism has not been known In a February article in Nature Communications, German scientists hypotheripart/hydroxychloroquine can reduce autophagy, which is triggered by the disease system, and can interfere with the messaging function of toll-like receptors to reduce cytokine production and thus control inflammation In addition, a 2009 article by Belgian scientists stated that chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine could interfere with the glycobaseization of the surface receptors of the coronavirus, thereby preventing the union of the virus and the receptor cells In a clinical trial in France, 20 (70%) of the 36 mildly ill patients took hydroxychloroquine (600 mg/day) and tested negative for the virus six days later In contrast, only 12.5 percent of patients automatically recovered to negative viral tests without taking hydroxychloroquine, but the test had a number of design and execution flaws Also in a 100-person clinical trial in China, it was shown that chloroquine played a role in reducing inflammation in the lungs in new coronapatient patients, reducing the duration of the disease Both clinical trials are hard to come to a convincing conclusion because of their small numbers, complexity and inadequate controls Gilead's Redcywe is a small molecule drug with nucleic acid analogues that interferes with viral replication It is currently thought that it may have inhibited viral synthesis dependence rna polymerase (RDRP) to block the replication of the virus, or it may be incorporated into viral RNA as a false substrate Virus replication interferons need to be effective against a particular virus replication process, and there is currently no data validation for the effectiveness This week Gilead released data from a non-control clinical trial, which we reported in a separate article, and more clinical data is likely to come out later this month antibody drugs are macromolecule drugs, the mechanism is directly binding to viral surface proteins, so the highest specificity, the most direct intervention, most patients can self-healing may mainly rely on this mechanism The mono-anti-drug of the regenerative element targets the surface protrusion S protein of the virus, and can effectively identify and bind to the s protein of the virus as an antigen, thus blocking the binding of the s protein of the virus with the human ACE2 receptor to achieve the therapeutic purpose Monoantigen is currently mainly in the cancer and a variety of chronic diseases in the treatment of the show advantages, successful drugs such as AbbVie's treatment of rheumatoid arthritis of Themel, gene Tek treatment of breast cancer Hercetine and regenerative meta development to treat eye macular degeneration of Arya are monoantigens in this field of drugs Compared with small molecules, the mechanism of monoantigen is relatively clear, and the selectivity of the target is higher than that of small molecules, so the specificity is high Good design can hit targets efficiently and reduce side effects But whether the virus mutation will affect the single-drug virus is still unknown, ADE is also a concern in the industry chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine and ridsiewee have advantages in clinical processes, prices and production as small molecule drugs Chlorquin/hydroxychloroquine as an approved drug, clinical trials have been carried out in a relatively in-depth, its drug approval in addition to clinical data other information should be available or relatively easy to obtain If proven, chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine may be the cheapest available drug Redsiewe also has some accumulation of drug development, clinical trials are already in phase three If the data comes out well, approval should be very fast Prices won't be a big problem in terms of small molecular drug laws The production cost of mono-anti-drugs is much higher than that of small molecule drugs, which requires biopharmaceutical generation and takes time to consume consumables Compared with the first two small molecules, the new coronary single anti-drug is a completely new project, everything starts from scratch, is only in the animal testing stage Even if clinical trials are available soon, the timetable for clinical trials needs to be respected In addition, monoantigen the drug itself development process and its later production of quality control links are to increase the drug time and drug price weight original title: Original , treating new crowns, antibody drugs have more potential than small molecules?