Two scientists share the Nobel Prize in Chemistry!

China News Service, October 6 (Zhang Aolin) According to the official website of the Nobel Prize, on the afternoon of the 6th Beijing time, the 2021 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was announced.

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry seems to be out of reach.

The chemistry prize "above the cloud",

What does it have to do with ordinary people?

If the Nobel Prize in Literature allows ordinary people to comment on it, then the Chemistry Prize is too high and profound.

In fact, the scientific research results of the Chemistry Prize have long been integrated into the lives of ordinary people

--cell phone battery

Imagine that if a mobile phone must be plugged in before it can be used, the power will be cut off when the plug is unplugged.

That's right, the "heritor" that frees the phone from the socket is the lithium battery

In October 2019, Goodenough, the "father of lithium batteries", Akira Yoshino, the inventor of modern lithium batteries, and Whittingham, who had pioneered research in the field of lithium batteries, shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry that year

The reason given by the official website of the Nobel Prize is: "They created a rechargeable world

Look at your hands, then look at your side.

--plastic

Toothbrushes, takeaway boxes, mobile phone cases, aircraft parts.

However, when we use these inconspicuous plastic products "as a matter of course", we have ever thought that they are all derived from advanced theories, and they are not far away

In 1953, German science Staudinger won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his contributions to polymer chemistry; in 1963, Italian scientist Nata and German scientist Ziegler won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for synthesizing polymer plastics

Thanks to their discoveries and research, the development process of human society has also been greatly promoted

However, in recent years, when people talk about plastics, they seem to be "discolored" because this white garbage has brought us convenience while also causing serious damage to the environment

However, although environmental protection issues make people feel disgusted with plastics, scientific research is endless.

In addition to these two examples, the "MRI" technology that has been popularized in hospitals and the neon lights that decorate the night are all typical examples of the application of Nobel Prize achievements in practice

As Ignaro, the Nobel Prize winner in Physiology or Medicine in 1998, said, "Any scientific discovery that wins the Nobel Prize should not be shelved, but should benefit the public
.
"

Increased influence of women

"Preferring son to daughter" has changed

Looking through the list of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, there are almost all men
.
For women, there are only a handful of them including Madame Curie
.

This problem has also been widely criticized by the outside world, and has even been criticized for the existence of "boys over girls" gender discrimination
.

However, after entering the 21st century, especially in recent years, this situation has changed.
Look at a set of data and feel intuitively
.

From 1901 to 2020, 185 people have won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, of which only 7 are women, and 4 of them have won awards after entering the 21st century
.

Especially in 2020, due to their contributions to gene editing technology, French scientist Carpentier and American scientist Doudna shared the chemistry prize of that year, marking the first time in history that two women won the prize and were also awarded by the United Nations.
Rated as one of the top ten female moments in 2020
.

Carpentier also sent a message to female researchers: "Women can also make a difference in the scientific world through their research
.
"

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Who have won awards in the past ten years?

The following is the list of Nobel Prize winners in Chemistry in the past 10 years, and their main achievements:

2020:

Emmanuel Carpentier (French) and Jennifer Dudner (U.
S.
) in recognition of their contributions to gene editing technology
.

2019:

John Goodenough (United States), Stanley Whittingham (United States) and Akira Yoshino (Japan) shared the Nobel Prize for their contributions in the field of lithium battery research and development
.

2018:

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Francis Arnold (U.
S.
), George Smith (U.
S.
), and Gregory Winterley (U.
S.
) for their directed evolution of enzymes and phage display technology for peptides and antibodies The results achieved
.

2017:

Joachim Frank (German/American), Richard Henderson (English), Jacques Dubocher (Switzerland) developed cryo-electron microscopy technology, which determined the organisms in the solution with high resolution Molecular structure
.

2016:

Jean-Pierre Sovich (France), Fraser Stoddart (English) and Bernard Felinga (Netherlands) won the award for "designing and synthesizing molecular machines"
.

2015:

Thomas Lindahl (Sweden), Paul Modric (U.
S.
), Aziz Sanjar (Turkey/U.
S.
) received awards for their contributions to the study of gene repair mechanisms
.

Year 2014:

Eric Bezig (United States), William Mona (United States), Stefan Hale (Germany) won awards for "developing a super-resolution fluorescence microscope"
.

year 2013:

Martin Capras (U.
S.
/Austria), Michael Levitt (U.
S.
/U.
S.
), and Ariel Vachel (U.
S.
/Israel) shared the Nobel Prize, and the three of them contributed to the development of multi-scale complex chemical system models Contribute
.

2012:

Robert Lefkowitz (U.
S.
) and Brian Kabilka (U.
S.
) won awards for "G Protein Coupled Receptor Research"
.

year 2011:

Daniel Shechtman (Israel) won the prize for the discovery of quasicrystals
.
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