Two-table summary: Common causes and treatments for bloating

Introduction Abdominal bloating can be divided into two types: abdominal bloating and abdominal distension.
The former mainly manifests as subjective symptoms such as gas retention, abdominal pressure, and fullness, while the latter reflects the objective physical change of abdominal circumference increase
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Abdominal bloating and abdominal distension often coexist, but can also occur independently
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Recently, Am J Gastroenterol (Impact Factor 10.
864) published a review summarizing common causes and treatments for bloating
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One table summary: Common causes of bloating There is no single effective diagnosis or treatment for bloating because patients with bloating may have a variety of underlying gastrointestinal disorders
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Table 1 summarizes common causes of bloating
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Table 1 Common causes of bloating Table 1 Summary: Treatment of bloating Pathophysiologically, bloating can be divided into three main processes: increased bowel wall tension caused by gas (and other contents) in the bowel; Increased conscious perception of tension; and abnormal visceral-somatic reflexes
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This classification is clinically useful, and treatment options vary based on different underlying pathophysiological processes
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Table 2 summarizes bloating treatment options based on presumed underlying pathophysiology
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Table 2 Bloating treatment options based on underlying pathophysiology *FODMAP: Fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols** Probiotics improved symptoms in some patients, although most studies did not use bloating as the primary endpoint
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Issues of probiotic viability and the diversity of different strains and dosages make it difficult to give exact recommendations
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SNRI, serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Reference: Lacy BE, Cangemi DJ.
A Pragmatic Approach to the Evaluation and Treatment of Abdominal Bloating and Distension[J] .
Am J Gastroenterol.
2022 Jan 29.
doi: 10.
14309/ajg.
0000000000001665.