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Wetland refers to the swamp zone at the junction of waters and land.
Together with forests and oceans, it is called the three major global ecosystems.
It not only contains rich biological species, but also regulates climate, controls soil erosion, controls pollution, beautifies the environment, and maintains ecology.
Aspects such as balance play an important and unique role
.
Constructed wetland treatment technology (Constructed Wetlands) is a biological-ecological pollution control technology that has developed rapidly in recent years.
It uses soil and filler (such as pebbles) to form a filler bed.
The sewage can flow in twists and turns in the filler gap of the bed.
Or in the depression on the surface of the bed, the combination of physics, chemistry and biology in the natural ecosystem can be used to purify sewage
.
It can treat a variety of industrial waste water, including chemical, petrochemical, paper pulp, textile printing and dyeing, heavy metal smelting and other waste water, and then promoted and applied as rainwater treatment, forming a unique animal and plant ecological environment
8.
3.
1 Types and characteristics of constructed wetlands
There are two basic types of constructed wetlands, namely surface flow constructed wetlands and subsurface flow constructed wetlands
.
(1) Surface flow constructed wetlands are most similar to natural wetlands in appearance and function.
The main plants commonly used in constructed wetlands are phytoplankton, emergent plants, and submerged plants
.
Phytoplankton is mainly used to remove nitrogen and phosphorus and improve stability.
(2) Subsurface flow constructed wetland wastewater flows into the bottom of the packed bed longitudinally from the surface of the wetland.
The bed is in an unsaturated state.
Oxygen can enter the constructed wetland system through atmospheric diffusion and plant transmission, but the biological function is mainly anaerobic reaction, so vertical underflow artificial The nitrification capacity of wetlands is higher than that of advection and subsurface flow constructed wetlands
.
In addition to its strong function of purifying wastewater, aquatic plants also provide an oxygen-emitting surface and a microbial habitat.
The comparison between traditional sewage treatment methods and wetland technologies is shown in Table 8-6
Table 8-6 Comparison of traditional wastewater treatment methods and wetland technologies