Usage and precautions of autoclave

High pressure steam sterilization has the advantages of fast sterilization speed, reliable effect, high temperature and strong penetration Some suggestions on the use of autoclave I preliminary treatment of disinfected articles: all medical devices, sheets and clothes that have been exposed to pathogenic microorganisms shall be disinfected with chemical disinfectant first, and then cleaned according to the routine In particular, all kinds of articles used in the infectious ward should be strictly controlled They should be strictly disinfected first, then cleaned and disinfected During routine cleaning, first soak and scrub with detergent solution to remove the oil, blood and other dirt on the articles, and then rinse with running water Instruments and other articles with couplings, cogs, gaps, etc shall be opened or disassembled as far as possible for thorough washing The washed articles should be dried and packed according to the clinical needs to avoid further pollution Containers and delivery tools of the goods before and after pollution removal shall be strictly distinguished and marked to prevent cross infection 2 The package and container of the sterilized articles shall be properly packed with double-layer cloth white cotton cloth The new cloth should be washed and desized before use The package of the goods shall be tied with wire rope, which shall not be loose or loose, and shall not be too tight The volume of the bag shall not exceed that of the fire When the container is used for filling, it can not only prevent the invasion of external microorganisms, but also has good steam permeability Such as special syringe sterilization box, dressing storage tank, etc It is difficult for the steam to enter the aluminum box for civil use, and the air in the box is not easy to be discharged, so the sterilization effect cannot be achieved according to the conventional sterilization The experimental results show that the pollution rate is much higher than that of medical aluminum box Therefore, it is not allowed to use syringes or instruments packed in civil aluminum boxes for sterilization 3 The sterilization effect can be affected by too many or improper sterilization articles Disinfection of the contents of the pot can not be overcrowded, not more than the pot capacity Try to sterilize similar articles in a pot If there are different kinds of articles put together, the temperature and time that are difficult to reach the sterilization articles shall prevail When the articles are loaded and placed, they should be staggered from top to bottom, left and right, leaving a gap so that the steam can easily penetrate The large disinfection package shall be placed vertically on the upper layer, the large enamel box and the storage tank on the lower layer of the small package shall also be placed vertically on the cloth and metal articles for sterilization at the same time The metal articles shall be placed on the lower layer so that they are basically heated in the same way, and the cloth shall be prevented from being wet by the condensed water generated in the sterilization of the metal articles IV when using high-pressure steam to disinfect the boiler, the key of Zui is to exhaust the air in the boiler If there is air in the pot, the pressure referred to by the air pressure needle is not the pressure generated by saturated steam At the same pressure, the temperature of air mixed steam is lower than that of saturated steam See the table for the relationship between pressure and temperature at different degrees of air removal When the pressure air is removed to different degrees, the temperature of ℃ is removed completely When the pressure of new year's Eve is not removed completely, the temperature of ℃ is removed completely When the air is removed completely, the temperature of ℃ is less It is equivalent to boiling sterilization In a short time, it can not kill spores and hepatitis virus, affecting the sterilization effect Therefore, the exhaust must be complete, It takes about minutes to exhaust 5、 The reasonable calculation of sterilization time and sterilization time includes ① the time from the time when the sterilization temperature is reached in the pot to the time when the temperature is also reached in the parts that Zui is difficult to reach in the pot ② the maintenance time is the time needed to kill the microorganisms, generally expressed by the time needed to kill the spores of lipobacillus thermophilus, The safety time is the time needed to ensure the sterilization Generally, it is half of the time of heat death, and its long-term and short-term disinfection items are determined It does not need safety time to sterilize metal equipment that is easy to conduct heat During the sterilization time, pay attention to the pressure gauge and adjust the air intake to maintain the pressure until the sterilization time In the process of sterilization, if the pressure and temperature drop, it is necessary to raise the temperature and increase the pressure again and count again 6、 After sterilization, it is required that after the sterilized articles are dried, check that the indicator meets the sterilization requirements and then it can be discharged from the pot When taking sterile articles, strict aseptic operation shall be carried out When opening the lid, cover the articles first, and close the vent hole in the storage tank Items should be stored in off the ground pasta , no less than food from the top, and no less than food from the back of the wall, so as to reduce pollution from the ground, roof and wall At the same time, it shall be placed in categories and released and used in sequence After the expiry date, the hot and humid season shall not exceed seven days in general, and the items that can be extended to days in cold and dry season shall be stopped 7 To prevent superheated steam, for example, "when the pressure is higher than 0, it will become superheated." Although the temperature of superheated steam is high, like air, it cannot coagulate into water or release latent heat when encountering disinfection articles, so it is unfavorable to sterilization The way to prevent overheating is to use the external steam sterilizer, do not make the temperature of the interlayer higher than the temperature of the disinfection room, and do not make the steam with too high pressure enter the disinfection room to absorb water before sterilization Do not use the steam with high pressure to heat to the required temperature, and then reduce the pressure VIII Pay attention to the safety Before each sterilization, check whether the sterilizer is in good working condition, especially whether the safety valve is in good condition After disinfection, the pressure is reduced too fast Only when the pressure gauge returns to its position can the boiler door be opened If the sterilizing pot is filled with bottled solution and the pot is suddenly opened, the glass will burst when encountering cold air It must be noted that if the door of the pot is suddenly opened too large, a large amount of cold air will enter into people, which will easily cause the steam around the cloth to condense into water points, block the hole of the cloth, hinder the steam discharge from the cloth, and make the articles moist.