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    Home > Food News > Food Articles > Using biotechnology to protect biodiversity China does this

    Using biotechnology to protect biodiversity China does this

    • Last Update: 2021-03-08
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    22 May is the International Day of Biodiversity. Zhuang Guotai, vice minister of ecological environment, said recently that at present, China's various types of natural protection area of about 18% of the land area, the vast majority of the country's key protection of wildlife species have been protected, Zhu Qi, the northeast tiger and other nearly 10 endangered species population began to recover, more than 60 kinds of rare and endangered wildlife artificial breeding success.
    The fifteenth Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP15) is scheduled to be held in Kunming this year, and Elizabeth Murema, Acting Executive Secretary of the secretariat of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, believes that the construction of ecological civilization advocated by China is not only a beautiful vision for China, but also reflects the common aspirations of the whole world and all mankind.
    is an important material basis for the survival and development of human society, and is closely related to everyone's production and life. At the same time, countries around the world have a responsibility to protect their own biodiversity and should cooperate in the sustainable use of biological resources. However, it is a matter of concern that some human activities are leading to a rapid decline in the species that make up biodiversity. So what has our country done to protect biodiversity using modern biological science and technology?this year,
    Kunming Institute of Zoology ornithology group leader Yang Xiaojun researcher happy for a long time: he reared several breeding "baby" Land has laid more than 20 eggs. These eggs don't come easily, they're purebred green peacock eggs. Yang Xiaojun and his team have worked hard for six or seven years for the word "thoroughbred".
    " in recent years, the population of green peacocks has declined. Surveys in the 1990s and in recent years have shown that the downward trend is very serious. At the same time, we also did the artificial adoption of green peacock survey, found that the adopted green peacock is not purebred. Yang Xiaojun said the sharp decline in populations put green peacocks at risk of extinction in China, which could have an impact on our biodiversity, and that adopting green peacocks without thoroughbreds would also threaten subsequent population recovery.
    the crisis of green peacocks is not an example. "The problems and challenges we face now are not single, they are all-round, " Mr. Murema told Science and Technology Daily. Recent scientific research shows that we are facing unprecedented biodiversity challenges. "Her report shows that the rate of extinction of species on Earth is accelerating, with more than a thousand endangered species at risk of extinction.
    With new genome sequencing technology, compared to purebreds and peacocks with other species, compared to the genome data disclosed to foreign counterparts, Yang Xiaojun team turned to Yunnan Cross Mountain and large and small protected areas, finally found six or seven "baby", and took to the
    Kunming Animal Research Institute laboratory carefully imitating wild habitats. "There is a ray of light in our conservation and research, but it's not far from the goal of genetic communication between enough populations." Yang Xiaojun said.
    fact, biotechnology is an improvement on existing rare plants and animals. Today, not only in zoology, botany, but also in pronuclear biology and fungi, countless Chinese and foreign scientists are trying to use biotechnology to save endangered and critically endangered species.7 November 1992, the National
    ratified our accession to the Convention on Biological Diversity. In this Convention, biotechnology is defined as "the use of technologies such as biological systems, organisms or their derivatives to produce or alter products for specific purposes."
    Nearly a hundred scientists are doing trivial, subtle and extremely important work every day on the plant seed preservation center and molecular experimental platform of the National Science Plant, the world's second largest seed resource bank, the Wildlife Seed Resource Bank in southwest China. They classified, cleaned and processed a variety of plant seeds collected from all over the country, then refrigerated them in plant seed banks at minus 20 degrees Celsius or liquid nitrogen at minus 196 degrees Celsius.
    " this repository's preservation model is 'five libraries as one', that is, plant seed bank as the core library, a plant ionosome, plant DNA bank, animal seed bank and microbial bank.
    Researcher Li De baht, leader of the Plant Diversity and Genomics Team at Kunming Plant Research Institute, told Science and Technology Daily that 70% of seed resources go to plant seed banks, which are stored for long periods of time after treatment through drying and freezing techniques, while the task of plant obsessives is to preserve intermediate and stubborn seeds, as well as plants that are difficult to preserve with seeds, including test tube seedlings, wound tissue, tubers, Stems, pollen, spores, and microbreeding bodies or cultures, a number of functional genes of important value are screened and identified in the DNA bank, and the animal species bank mainly preserves rare and endangered endemic wild vertebrate species resources, taking into account the collection of species resources of wild near-species and special economic animals, and the microbial bank preserves large-scale fungal species resources of important economic value in a long-term, safe and effective way, emphasizing the collection of large-scale fungal species resources of important economic value, while emphasizing the collection of trace bacteria and special living microbial resources.
    the end of 2019, we have treasured 1,096 kinds of quality resources in this seed 'Noah's Ark', which accounts for 34.5% of the total number of plants in China, " he said. A small jar can even hold 20,000 seeds, which they can effectively hold for hundreds or even thousands of years. Li De baht said.
    In terms of animal species resources, this large scientific device has achieved some success in the short-term preservation of reproductive and embryonic cells, but at present, the preservation of animal species resources worldwide is still very difficult. "We have preserved more than 6,000 animal DNA materials. Under current technical conditions, the vast majority of these materials cannot be restored to a normal biological individual, but can provide an important reserve for future conservation. Mr Li said., which are two endearing species in the Jinsha River basin of China, are in danger of extinction at any time due to their small population, narrow habitat and serious human interference.
    Kunming Plant Research Institute very small population of wild plant integrated protection team leader Sun Weibang believes that the white magic taro has the value of medicinal food, after artificial pollination, can greatly improve the syringe rate, long-term commercial planting has considerable economic benefits;
    " some species, we can not circle it or plant a few models on the matter, not only to protect its population to restore stable growth, but also to explore its economic value and aesthetic value, so that it produces multiple benefits, but also to achieve sustainable development. Sun Weibang said that in recent years, they have made remarkable achievements in the protection of plants of specialty, endangered and important economic use value, such as the ripples and Huagai wood. In recent years, they have also extended the concept and methods of conservation of very small populations to the protection of rare and endangered wildlife. This is consistent with the three main objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity: the protection of the Earth's biodiversity, the sustainable use of biodiversity and the equitable and equitable sharing of genetic resources.
    " In general, because we have a large number of species and a large number of endangered species, many of them, we are unable to carry out relocation protection, only in the form of the designation of integrated protected areas. Dong Yang, a professor at Yunnan Agricultural University, said that some species, especially plants with well-developed roots, such as orchids, and some critically endangered plants and mammals, can be relocated for conservation. We can't adopt the same model if we want to dialectically according to different biological species and different situations.
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