Vitamin C Story 1 - Shadow Gene.

Part 1: Shadow geneticscientist Paulin's vitamin sentiment speaks of vitamins and must speak of one of the greatest scientists of our time, Linus PaulinPauline won two Nobel Prizes, the first of the year in chemistry, and the second for peaceBolin's many groundbreaking work in quantum chemistry and molecular biology is Nobel Prize-levelThe theory of electron clouds, which is known for chemical bonds, is the work of Pauline," and those in molecular biology know the secondary structure of proteins and this was first discovered and proved by PaulinPaulin was also the first person to raise molecular sick leave and revealed the molecular basis of genetic disease sebassemias in the year through thalassemiaPaulin et alis known as the father of molecular biologyAlthough he lost his arm with the discovery of the double helix structure, his methodology and his prediction and derivation of the structure stimulated and derived the double helix structureAs early as the year Paulin put forward the concept of molecular medicine (In his later years, Pauline was fascinated by the study and practice of molecular nutrition and he advocated the use of various vitaminsupplements to improve health, extend life and call it the correct molecular therapyThe correct molecular therapy of Paulin is designed to use the right bioactive molecules and give the right dose according to the physiological needs of the individualPauline, as big science, strongly recommends taking large doses of vitamins dailyHe also wrote a book for this purpose, "How to Live Longer and Feel Better"Does the title speak everyone's heart? Pauline himself is a practitioner of taking large doses of vitamins since he was a year old to take grams of vitamins plus a variety of vitamins adhered to for more than 20 years, never stopAlthough Paulin's parents did not live long, Pauline lived to the ageHis longevity may really be a credit to vitaminsPauline's vitamin therapy was once popular but the medical community has so far not endorsed it Bolin and the medical community have been divided, the two sides are at loggerheads, Paulin may die Let's take a look at Pauline's theoretical basis Humans have evolved to shut down the "factory" of autosynthetic vitamins in the body about a million years ago when the ancestorprimate snorted agene, including apes and monkeys, had an exon removal mutation on the chromosomes of the gene Some of the gene fragments that are now left on the human chromosome are completely inactive and are just "shadow genes" The last enzyme on the gene-coded vitamin biosynthesis channel Genetic mutations have deprived humans, as well as evolutionary close relatives and monkeys, of the ability to synthesize vitamins autonomously and must be ingested from the diet The vast majority of non-primates, including pigs, dogs, cattle, sheep, and so on, retain complete vitamin synthase Their livers can start with glucose to synthesize all the vitamins the body needs without having to get it from food In addition to primate guinea pigs, most bats, and some singing birds, they can't synthesize vitamins on their own The ancestors of these animals also had genetic mutations but were not homologous to those that occurred in primates Vitamin deficiency from the point of view of genetic defects is that we collectively suffer from genetic diseases human stodita people must constantly give the body vitamin supplements to maintain health The collective removal of the genes responsible for the synthesis of vitamins in evolutionary selection suggests that at a certain time in the evolutionary process, under certain environmental conditions, the deletion of genes will accompany a certain survival advantage, and this advantage is particularly significant in the reality that today's primates are missing genes One guess is that primates used to live in extremely vitamin-rich environments, with a large number of fresh melons eating accidental reproductive cell gene recombination events every day that led to the deletion of gene exons and the loss of the ability to self-synthesize vitamins This genetic defect does not cause any health problems for individual organisms in an extremely vitamin-rich environment Instead, losing the gene doesn't have to make its own vitamin liver, which reduces the potential for reproductive advantage But most of the evolutionary choices to be achieved have been associated with a pandemic of a deadly disease in evolutionary history Only those individuals whose genes survive survive eventually have the gene mutation fixed in primate species The price of losing genes is that we have to take vitamins daily in most cases this is not a problem But in extreme cases, such as long-term sailing if the ship lacks fresh fruits and vegetables seafarers will suffer from scurvy due to vitamin deficiency Scurvy is fatal when a long-haul crew member dies of scurvy about before the vitamin is found It wasn't until the British Navy's military doctors discovered that giving the crew a day to eat a citrus or lemon could prevent and treat scurvy It was later proved that the effective ingredient in orange citrus with ascorbic disease is vitamins, so vitamins are also called ascorbic acid (meaning) Citrus fruits, because they are rich in vitamins and easy to preserve for long periods of time, have become the signature fruit of vitamin supplements From "home-grown" to "buying" vitamin patterns Most animals are able to synthesize vitamins independently, mainly in the animal's liver The whole process uses glucose as the starting substrate to finally synthesize the vitamin through a five-step enzyme catalytic reaction and the last spontaneous oxidation reaction Gene-coded enzymes catalyze the last step of the enzyme reaction The evolutionary selection of inactivated genes and the closure of the self-producing plant of vitamins had no effect on other biochemical reactions in the cells This is important because the first four-step enzyme reaction is shared with the production of the glycophosphate pathway Is the most important endogenous reducing agent in the body we will explain in depth in the second part The final step in vitamin self-synthesis does not require enzyme catalysis but gene-coding enzymes that react automatically with oxygen in cells to automatically become vitamins and oxygen is reduced to a more active hydrogen peroxide molecule Hydrogen peroxide is produced in each vitamin molecule cell Hydrogen peroxide is an active oxygen free radical that can damage cells, cause mutations and accelerate aging if not removed in time The authors argue that primates evolved to "shut down" the synthetic vitamin production line and reduce the "pollution" of hydrogen peroxide from factory "waste" At the same time, use the "buy" mode by ingesting vitamin food for the body needs Also because synthetic vitamins and polysaccharides share the first four biochemical reactions "off" vitamin production may be more secure for the synthesis of the most important antioxidant source in the body Although there is no literature devoted to this hypothesis The authors observe that primates that remove synthetic vitamin synthesis appear to live longer than other warm-blooded animals The life expectancy of wild apes with an average life expectancy in medical conditions is also old and wild monkeys are old Primates die mostly from cardiovascular disease and only one-third of them die from cancer In contrast to primates, animals that are able to synthesize vitamins on their own, such as dogs and cats, have only teenagers and more likely to die of cancer under medical conditions Generally, the larger the weight, the longer the wild gorillas can live about the age of the tiger lion with its weight, but only the average life span of a teenager What's more interesting is that fruit bats that also lost their self-synthetic vitamins also lived particularly long, lived for years and were of the same weight Some primates in the evolution "shut down" the "factories" that remove synthetic vitamins, a bit like today's global production line outsourcing Because of the high cost of independent production, environmental pollution, and the exgenic processing is cheap and easy to cut off the local production line, and eventually become completely dependent on the processing even abandoned "factories" are still visible in the human chromosome The human chromosome still retains the inactive shadow gene In fact, humans and other animals at the top of the food chain have lost their ability to synthesize vitamins independently over the course of hundreds of millions of years of evolution and must be obtained by dietary intake Although this increases the dependence of foreign source material, but also liberates the "productivity", so that mankind has gained a greater space for development One of the most challenging scientific questions published a few weeks ago in Science magazine's anniversary is "Why human genes are so few." From the example of the removal of the main synthetic vitamin, we can speculate that cutting redundant production lines and making better use of external resources may also be one of the reasons why humans have been able to develop Humans not only "closed down" many of the "factories" in their bodies, but also learned to develop agriculture and open a large number of "in vitro" factories to ensure that the diet supply the body needed a variety of vitamins Modern today all kinds of vitamins can be industrialized mass production problems become how to make good use of these production capacity, let us live a more healthy and long life And listen to the next decomposition: The story of vitamins shadow genes Vitamins story Physiological biochemical and regenerative circulation vitamin sourcing The best healthy longevity dose of vitamin story Cancer treatment and hydrogen peroxide is an active oxygen free radical if not removed in time will damage cells, cause mutations and accelerate aging The authors argue that primates evolved to "shut down" the synthetic vitamin production line and reduce the "pollution" of hydrogen peroxide from factory "waste" At the same time, use the "buy" mode by ingesting vitamin food for the body needs Also because synthetic vitamins and polysaccharides share the first four biochemical reactions "off" vitamin production may be more secure for the synthesis of the most important antioxidant source in the body Although there is no literature devoted to this hypothesis The authors observe that primates that remove synthetic vitamin synthesis appear to live longer than other warm-blooded animals The life expectancy of wild apes with an average life expectancy in medical conditions is also old and wild monkeys are old Primates die mostly from cardiovascular disease and only one-third of them die from cancer In contrast to primates, animals that are able to synthesize vitamins on their own, such as dogs and cats, have only teenagers and more likely to die of cancer under medical conditions Generally, the larger the weight, the longer the wild gorillas can live about the age of the tiger lion with its weight, but only the average life span of a teenager What's more interesting is that fruit bats that also lost their self-synthetic vitamins also lived particularly long, lived for years and were of the same weight Some primates in the evolution "shut down" the "factories" that remove synthetic vitamins, a bit like today's global production line outsourcing Because of the high cost of independent production, environmental pollution, and the exgenic processing is cheap and easy to cut off the local production line, and eventually become completely dependent on the processing even abandoned "factories" are still visible in the human chromosome The human chromosome still retains the inactive shadow gene In fact, humans and other animals at the top of the food chain have lost their ability to synthesize vitamins independently over the course of hundreds of millions of years of evolution and must be obtained by dietary intake Although this increases the dependence of foreign source material, but also liberates the "productivity", so that mankind has gained a greater space for development One of the most challenging scientific questions published a few weeks ago in Science magazine's anniversary is "Why human genes are so few." From the example of the removal of the main synthetic vitamin, we can speculate that cutting redundant production lines and making better use of external resources may also be one of the reasons why humans have been able to develop Humans not only "closed down" many of the "factories" in their bodies, but also learned to develop agriculture and open a large number of "in vitro" factories to ensure that the diet supply the body needed a variety of vitamins Modern today all kinds of vitamins can be industrialized mass production problems become how to make good use of these production capacity, let us live a more healthy and long life And listen to the next decomposition: The story of vitamins shadow vitamins story Physiological biochemical and regenerative circulation vitamins story the best health and longevity dose vitamins the story of cancer treatment and references - -