VOC Waiver Path AMP became the only organic amine to receive the EPA's VOC exemption

Recently, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) called for no longer using multi-functional coating additive 2-amino-2 methyl-1-propylene alcohol (AMP; CAS=124-68-5) as a VOC regulated product, a decision that has a positive impact on the coatings industry. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) then amended the definition of VOC regulation in the Clean Air Act to remove AMP because the compound would have little effect on ozone formation in the air sphere (ground plane).
EPA defines VOC as "excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonate, metal carbide or carbonate, and ammonium carbonate, all carbon compounds involved in atmospheric photonation reactions", except for compounds identified by EPA as "negligible photonation reactions" such as 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propylene alcohol. Therefore, basically all organic compounds are inevitably identified as VOCs by the EPA.
"AMP is a versatile and medium-range agent, coupled with its potential to reduce ozone formation and has good toxicity data, so in the same use, the product takes precedence over other more toxic chemicals". The EPA describes this in the final directive and mentions the lower likelihood of ground-based ozone generation.
the EPA's decision, AMP became the only organic amine to receive a VOC exemption. The commercial implications of this decision make sense for manufacturers facing consumer and regulatory pressure to develop high-performance, low-VOC or VOC-free coatings.
AMP is a primary ammonia with unique properties and is valuable in many applications such as pigment dispersion, wash-resistant properties and versation. This compound has become a key component in a variety of water-based coatings. Thanks to its new VOC exemption status, coating companies can add to their products without worrying about an increase in VOC levels.
The regulation also means that paint manufacturers can use inefficient compounds such as sodium hydroxide and ammonia to circumvent - since they are not carbon compounds and are not controlled by the EPA - with some adverse side effects. Sodium hydroxide, for example, can be dangerous to operate and pH is difficult to control, while ammonia is usually considered harmful and toxic to the environment, and odors are unpleasant, initially reducing water resistance.
As paint companies are well aware, environmentally conscious consumers are increasingly demanding VOC- and low-VOC-free coatings, a pressure that drives formulaters to use materials that both improve performance and are environmentally friendly. A variety of national regulations and industry standards have also been implemented, strictly limiting the VOC content standards in each can of paint.
taking into account the realities in these markets, Angus wrote and submitted to the EPA a claim to exclude AMP from the VOC definition under the Clean Air Act. The claim is supported by the conclusions of an independent testing laboratory, including the possibility of ozone formation, data related to stratospheric ozone depletion, and the possibility of climate change shocks such as global warming, as well as toxicological data showing good mammalian and environmental toxicity.
to explain AMP's
AMP has a molecular weight of 89, a boiling point of 165oC and a steam pressure of 0.34 mm Hg at 20oC. Pure chemicals are gel-like crystals that are easily mixed with water (see Figure 1).
due to amp's versatility and versatility, it is suitable for many types of latex paint. In a coating, many additives can only improve one performance. AMP offers a variety of performance improvements, including dispersion, alkaline control, film-forming and low odor. Its versatility reduces the amount added to other additives, such as anion dispersants, de-foaming agents and wet-edge agents;
AMP is widely used to enhance the compatibleness of a wide range of materials in latex paints and alicyl resin coatings, as well as in a variety of other areas, including metalworking fluids and personal care products. But for a long time AMP as a powerful and versatile additive, former manufacturers had to treat it as a VOC, which was classified in the United States after all. These factors limit AMP's use in high-quality coatings from the outset.
in view of the growing demand for environmentally sustainable coatings from consumer and regulatory regulations, Angus has identified the commercial need to review the AMP classification in the Clean Air Act.
why does the EPA control VOC?
main components produced by surface ozone are VOC and nitrogen oxides, two types of chemicals. Volatile organic pollutants (VOCs) are released from a number of sources, including refineries, chemical production and gasoline-burning vehicles. Solvents in coatings and other consumer goods and commodities often contain VOC. Nitrogen oxides are produced when cars and other sources of release, such as power plants and industrial boilers, burn fossil fuels such as oil, coal or oil. Ozone is formed when VOCs and nitrogen oxides react when exposed to sunlight in the air. It takes hours for pollutants to enter the air to ground-level ozone to reach unhealthy concentrations. Weather conditions and topography can also affect the location and manner in which ground-level ozone is formed;
ground-level ozone is the main component of smog, which also contains carbon particles and industrial soot. Ground-level ozone can cause health problems and harm the natural environment and crops. Repeated exposure to ozone makes people more susceptible to respiratory diseases and worsens existing respiratory diseases, such as asthma. Children and outdoor workers are particularly sensitive to ozone pollution because they often work or play outdoors, especially during the summer days, when ozone levels are highest. People with asthma - even energetic healthy adults - can experience decreased lung function and increased respiratory symptoms, such as chest pain and coughing, when exposed to moderate levels of low ozone. Because of the adverse effects of ozone on health, the Environmental Protection Agency and the federal government have limited the amount of VOCs that can be released into the atmosphere.
Clean Air Act requires the EPA to create national environmental air quality standards that identify common and widely distributed air pollutants based on the latest technology, and ozone is one of those pollutants. The EPA has established air quality standards for six common "standard pollutants": suspended particulates (also known as particulate pollution), ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and lead. The Clean Air Act and industrial air quality standards have led to changes in product formulations, and many products have reduced VOC content. It has also reduced smog and made the air cleaner in cities across the United States.
EPA's VOC Regulatory Definition
Excerpted by the Clean Air Act, VOC Defines Chapter 40 514.100, inquiry address: under part (s).
the path to VOC exemption was started
MIR is short for maximum reaction increment. One of the most important factors in the EPA's classification of VOC compounds under the Clean Air Act is whether or not it is involved in the production of ground-based ozone. Currently, the effects on ground-level ozone are quantified by MIR, which detects the increment of ozone generation when a substance, such as AMP, is added to a specially designed test chamber containing a clearly designed gas. The MIR value indicates the degree of photochemical reaction activity, which can be measured directly or derived from a computer that has created a photochemical reaction model that considers compounds to have full ozone-generated activity.
EPA uses ethane reaction activity as a threshold for determining whether a compound has negligible reaction activity. Under certain experimental conditions, compounds with reaction activity below or equal to ethane reaction activity can be considered negligible photoreactive, so it is appropriate to be excluded from the VOC definition. Compounds with higher reaction activity than ethane are still identified as regulatory targets of VOC and are therefore subject to control. Ethane was selected as a critical compound according to a series of smoke silo experiments, which were carried out in accordance with EPA regulations.
an independent laboratory run by Dr. William P. L. Carter of the University of California tested AMP under a contract with the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to test the activity levels of all of its atmospheric reactions. Dr. Carter studied AMP in a smoke chamber, and based on the chemical chemistry developed, it mimics all the ozone produced, and spent the day in actual atmospheric conditions. The results showed that AMP's MIR value was 0.25g ozone/g VOC, lower than that of the standard chemical ethane, and ethane's MIR value was 0.28g ozone/g VOC.
Because of AMP's low MIR value, good toxicology description and low global temperature potential, Angus asked the EPA to amend the VOC definition to meet the national environmental air quality standards in the state's implementation plan, the first chapter of the Clean Air Act. Based on the fact that AMP has little effect on the formation of tospheric ozone, the proposed amendment would add AMP to the list of exempt compounds defined by VOC.
a quick review of the EPA
EPA regulations exclude very small reactive organic matter from the VOC definition, making it easy to centralize VOC control to compounds that significantly increase ozone concentration. In October 2012, Angus filed an application with the EPA for exemption from AMP as a VOC regulation. The application includes independent MIR testing data provided by Dr. Carter, indicating that AMP has the conditions for a preferred alternative to VOC. Stressing the urgency of the status quo, the petition describes: "Manufacturers and formulaters of water-based coatings need to add AMP to their products to cope with VOC restrictions without compromising product performance, voC's AMP exemption for MIR values below ethane, amp will continue to be a preferred additive." Companies must act now not to let meaningless recipe changes lead to losses.
after an 18-month review and 60-day discussion period, the EPA issued a final decision that the identifiable compound AMP will no longer be required as a VOC under the Clean Air Act (40 CFR 51.100(s)) effective June 25, 2014.
conclusion
amp's VOC exemption under the Clean Air Act has now been passed. Angus expects American formulaters to continue using AMP as one of the most effective products in the next generation of improved eco-friendly coatings. Angus also looks forward to seeing AMP continue to be used as a versatile mid-range agent in other markets, including metalworking fluids and personal care products.
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