What are the differences between metformin ordinary tablets, sustained-release tablets and enteric-coated tablets?

In recent years, more than 10 new effects of metformin have been discovered by research.
They are anti-inflammatory, improve polycystic ovary syndrome, improve intestinal flora, treat some autism, reverse pulmonary fibrosis, assist in smoking cessation, and reverse cognition.
Obstacles and other preclinical studies have excellent performance
.

Metformin is a biguanide hypoglycemic agent, which can reduce liver glucose synthesis and intestinal glucose absorption.

It is generally used to treat type 2 diabetic patients who are not satisfied with simple diet control and physical exercise, especially those with obesity and hyperinsulinemia
.

Metformin

What are the common dosage forms?

In order to achieve different treatment goals and better treatment effects, different dosage forms of metformin have been developed in order to make it easier for patients to use and accept
.

At present, there are mainly single-component ordinary tablets, sustained-release tablets, enteric-coated tablets or capsules and compound preparations composed of metformin and other oral hypoglycemic drugs (such as sulfonylureas or DPP-4 inhibitors) at home and abroad
.

1

Single-component metformin ordinary tablets (250 mg/tablet, 500 mg/tablet or 850 mg/tablet)

Metformin sustained-release tablets or metformin sustained-release capsules, 500 mg per tablet/capsule

Metformin enteric-coated tablets or metformin enteric-coated capsules (250 mg/tablet or 250 mg/capsule)

A compound preparation composed of metformin and other oral hypoglycemic drugs (such as sulfonylureas or DPP-4 inhibitors)

What are the differences in the efficacy of different dosage forms of metformin?

The main difference between different dosage forms of metformin lies in the different dissolution and release modes after administration.
Common tablets disintegrate and release in the stomach; enteric-coated tablets and capsules disintegrate and release in the intestinal tract; sustained-release tablets and sustained-release capsules dissolve slowly in the gastrointestinal tract , Release
.

Compared with ordinary tablets, sustained-release preparations once a day may have better gastrointestinal tolerability and can improve patients' medication compliance
.

Studies have shown that the same dose of metformin sustained-release tablets 1 time/d and ordinary tablets 2 times/d or 3 times/d have the same ability to reduce HbA1c

Different dosage forms of metformin

How to take it?

Ordinary film

After ordinary metformin tablets are taken, they will quickly collapse in the stomach to explain and release their effects
.

Because of its fast dissolution rate in the stomach, it will cause greater irritation to the gastrointestinal tract, and may cause adverse gastrointestinal reactions after taking it, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other adverse reactions

Sustained Release Tablets

Compared with ordinary tablets, sustained-release tablets have a different drug release rate
.

Sustained-release tablets are added with some slow-dissolving materials to wrap the drug during the preparation process.

Enteric-coated tablets

Compared with ordinary tablets, enteric-coated tablets have a different drug release location.
Enteric-coated tablets are coated with an enteric coating on the outside of the drug.
After taking it, it will not change in the acidic environment of the stomach.
The drug is only released in an alkaline environment in order to avoid the drug's irritation to the stomach
.

Eating usually changes the acidic environment of the stomach and destroys the enteric coating, leading to early release of the drug and causing adverse reactions.

It should be noted that both sustained-release tablets and enteric-coated tablets should be swallowed whole, and should not be broken or chewed to avoid affecting the efficacy of the drug
.

The choice of dosage form varies from person to person

Adverse effects of metformin

The most common adverse reaction of metformin is gastrointestinal reactions, which are mainly gastric upset, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and constipation
.

In clinical use, it has been observed that the side effects of drugs produced by different manufacturers may be different, and it may also cause gastrointestinal reactions when taking this metformin, but not taking the other one

Metformin is a prescription drug on clinical, long-term non-diabetic patients taking large doses may affect the absorption of vitamins and trace elements, resulting in anemia, stomach problems, capillary blood vessels and peripheral nerve damage and other consequences, also increase the cardiovascular risk of onset of the disease
.

Taken by diabetic patients

Precautions for metformin

Need to check fasting blood glucose, urine glucose, urine ketone and liver and kidney function regularly
.

2

People with poor liver and kidney function taking metformin may cause lactic acidosis.
Although it is rare, it can be severe and fatal.
It should be carefully selected
.

Reference materials:

1.
Chinese Journal of Diabetes "Expert Consensus on the Clinical Application of Metformin (2018 Edition)"

2.
Xi'an Third Hospital "[The truth about eating "guanidine"] How should the hypoglycemic drug "metformin" be taken? 》

3.
Yaoquan.
com "The three brothers of the hypoglycemic drug "Metformin": ordinary tablets, enteric-coated tablets, and sustained-release tablets.
What is the difference? 》

4.
Medical Endocrine Channel "What is the difference between ordinary metformin tablets, enteric-coated tablets, and sustained-release tablets? 》

In recent years, more than 10 new effects of metformin have been discovered by research.
They are anti-inflammatory, improve polycystic ovary syndrome, improve intestinal flora, treat some autism, reverse pulmonary fibrosis, assist in smoking cessation, and reverse cognition.
Obstacles and other preclinical studies have excellent performance
.
Metformin is a biguanide hypoglycemic agent, which can reduce liver glucose synthesis and intestinal glucose absorption.
It can help diabetics make full use of endogenous insulin and reduce fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia
.

Metformin diabetes

It is generally used to treat type 2 diabetic patients who are not satisfied with simple diet control and physical exercise, especially those with obesity and hyperinsulinemia
.

Metformin

Metformin

What are the common dosage forms?

What are the common dosage forms?

In order to achieve different treatment goals and better treatment effects, different dosage forms of metformin have been developed in order to make it easier for patients to use and accept
.

In order to achieve different treatment goals and better treatment effects, different dosage forms of metformin have been developed in order to make it easier for patients to use and accept
.

At present, there are mainly single-component ordinary tablets, sustained-release tablets, enteric-coated tablets or capsules and compound preparations composed of metformin and other oral hypoglycemic drugs (such as sulfonylureas or DPP-4 inhibitors) at home and abroad
.
1

At present, there are mainly single-component ordinary tablets, sustained-release tablets, enteric-coated tablets or capsules and compound preparations composed of metformin and other oral hypoglycemic drugs (such as sulfonylureas or DPP-4 inhibitors) at home and abroad
.
1

Single-component metformin ordinary tablets (250 mg/tablet, 500 mg/tablet or 850 mg/tablet)

Metformin sustained-release tablets or metformin sustained-release capsules, 500 mg per tablet/capsule

Metformin enteric-coated tablets or metformin enteric-coated capsules (250 mg/tablet or 250 mg/capsule)

A compound preparation composed of metformin and other oral hypoglycemic drugs (such as sulfonylureas or DPP-4 inhibitors)

What are the differences in the efficacy of different dosage forms of metformin?

What are the differences in the efficacy of different dosage forms of metformin? What are the differences in the efficacy of different dosage forms of metformin?

The main difference between different dosage forms of metformin lies in the different dissolution and release modes after administration.
Common tablets disintegrate and release in the stomach; enteric-coated tablets and capsules disintegrate and release in the intestinal tract; sustained-release tablets and sustained-release capsules dissolve slowly in the gastrointestinal tract , Release
.

Compared with ordinary tablets, sustained-release preparations once a day may have better gastrointestinal tolerability and can improve patients' medication compliance
.
Studies have shown that the same dose of metformin sustained-release tablets 1 time/d and ordinary tablets 2 times/d or 3 times/d have the same ability to reduce HbA1c
.

Different dosage forms of metformin

Different dosage forms of metformin

How to take it?

How to take it?

Ordinary film

Ordinary filmOrdinary film

After ordinary metformin tablets are taken, they will quickly collapse in the stomach to explain and release their effects
.
Because of its fast dissolution rate in the stomach, it will cause greater irritation to the gastrointestinal tract, and may cause adverse gastrointestinal reactions after taking it, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and other adverse reactions
.
Therefore, it is generally recommended that patients take it during or after meals to reduce gastrointestinal discomfort
.

Sustained Release Tablets

Sustained Release Tablets

Compared with ordinary tablets, sustained-release tablets have a different drug release rate
.
Sustained-release tablets are added with some slow-dissolving materials to wrap the drug during the preparation process.
After taking, metformin will not be released in the stomach at one time, but slowly and gradually released in the gastrointestinal tract, which not only reduces the drug’s impact on the gastrointestinal tract.
Stimulation also prolongs the action time of the drug
.
Therefore, metformin sustained-release tablets only need to be taken once a day to achieve slow release and stable hypoglycemic effects, and it is also recommended to take them during or after meals
.
For some elderly people who take more kinds of medicines, taking medicine once a day can greatly improve medication compliance and avoid missed medication
.

Compared with ordinary tablets, sustained-release tablets have a different drug release rate
.
Sustained-release tablets are added with some slow-dissolving materials to wrap the drug during the preparation process.
After taking, metformin will not be released in the stomach at one time, but slowly and gradually released in the gastrointestinal tract, which not only reduces the drug’s impact on the gastrointestinal tract.
Stimulation also prolongs the action time of the drug
.
Therefore, metformin sustained-release tablets only need to be taken once a day to achieve slow release and stable hypoglycemic effects, and it is also recommended to take them during or after meals
.
For some elderly people who take more kinds of medicines, taking medicine once a day can greatly improve medication compliance and avoid missed medication
.

Enteric-coated tablets

Enteric- coated tablets

Compared with ordinary tablets, enteric-coated tablets have a different drug release location.
Enteric-coated tablets are coated with an enteric coating on the outside of the drug.
After taking it, it will not change in the acidic environment of the stomach.
The drug is only released in an alkaline environment in order to avoid the drug's irritation to the stomach
.
Eating usually changes the acidic environment of the stomach and destroys the enteric coating, leading to early release of the drug and causing adverse reactions.
Therefore, enteric-coated tablets are recommended to be taken half an hour before a meal
.

It should be noted that both sustained-release tablets and enteric-coated tablets should be swallowed whole, and should not be broken or chewed to avoid affecting the efficacy of the drug
.
The choice of dosage form varies from person to person
.
The doctor will choose the appropriate dosage form according to the patient's condition, life and eating habits, and economic situation
.
For patients with chronic diseases, every time a drug is re-prescribed, it is necessary to pay attention to whether the dosage form of the drug is the same as the previous one, and strictly follow the doctor's advice to take the drug to avoid poor efficacy or adverse drug reactions due to improper use
.

Adverse effects of metformin

Adverse effects of metformin

The most common adverse reaction of metformin is gastrointestinal reactions, which are mainly gastric upset, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and constipation
.
In clinical use, it has been observed that the side effects of drugs produced by different manufacturers may be different, and it may also cause gastrointestinal reactions when taking this metformin, but not taking the other one
.
In use, you can change the manufacturer to take a look
.
Taking metformin can inhibit the absorption and synthesis of vitamin B12.
Patients who take enteric-coated tablets or capsules for a long time should supplement vitamin B12 or mecobalamin
.

Metformin is a prescription drug on clinical, long-term non-diabetic patients taking large doses may affect the absorption of vitamins and trace elements, resulting in anemia, stomach problems, capillary blood vessels and peripheral nerve damage and other consequences, also increase the cardiovascular risk of onset of the disease
.

Vascular Cardiovascular

Taken by diabetic patients

Taken by diabetic patients

Precautions for metformin

Precautions for metformin

Need to check fasting blood glucose, urine glucose, urine ketone and liver and kidney function regularly
.
2

2

People with poor liver and kidney function taking metformin may cause lactic acidosis.
Although it is rare, it can be severe and fatal.
It should be carefully selected
.

Reference materials:

Reference materials:

1.
Chinese Journal of Diabetes "Expert Consensus on the Clinical Application of Metformin (2018 Edition)"

1.
Chinese Journal of Diabetes "Metformin Clinical Application Specialist Consensus (2018 Edition)" Consensus

2.
Xi'an Third Hospital "[The truth about eating "guanidine"] How should the hypoglycemic drug "metformin" be taken? 》

2.
Xi'an Third Hospital "[The truth about eating "guanidine"] How should the hypoglycemic drug "metformin" be taken? 》

3.
Yaoquan.
com "The three brothers of the hypoglycemic drug "Metformin": ordinary tablets, enteric-coated tablets, and sustained-release tablets.
What is the difference? 》

3.
Yaoquan.
com "The three brothers of the hypoglycemic drug "Metformin": ordinary tablets, enteric-coated tablets, and sustained-release tablets.
What is the difference? 》

4.
Medical Endocrine Channel "What is the difference between ordinary metformin tablets, enteric-coated tablets, and sustained-release tablets? 》

4.
Medical Endocrine Channel "What is the difference between ordinary metformin tablets, enteric-coated tablets, and sustained-release tablets? 》Leave a message here