What are the instrumental sciences and technologies that need to be broken through to realize import substitution in my country?

[ Focus on Chemical Machinery Equipment Network ] After decades of development, China's instrumentation industry has formed an industrial system with a relatively complete product range, a certain production scale and development capabilities, and it is used in electrical instrumentation, industrial measurement and scientific testing instrumentation.
The field has a certain competitive advantage, and a number of competitive enterprises have been born.
But on the whole, my country's instrumentation industry is still lagging behind the * level, which is mainly reflected in the backward technology, poor product stability, and weak research and development capabilities.

 

Although my country's scientific instruments and meters have made positive progress in the localization, due to various reasons such as insufficient historical accumulation, the situation of scientific instruments and meters dependent on imports has not been fundamentally changed.
In the process of building a world power in science and technology, how to realize localization of scientific instrumentation, especially scientific instrumentation, has become an important issue that cannot be avoided.
Therefore, the realization of independent research and development is crucial to the improvement of my country's scientific research level.

 

Nowadays, the development of science and technology can be said to be thriving, and in many ways it can break foreign monopolies.
So, do you know what are the core technologies that my country needs to make breakthroughs in instrumentation?
 

semiconductor
 

　　Looking at it, the semiconductor processing equipment is basically Japan, and the United States dominates.
At present, the editor understands that Hitachi has the higher accuracy of etching equipment, and Intel cannot do without its suppliers.
Some of them are for supply, but other manufacturers can’t buy it if they want to buy it.

 

　　Lithography machine is one of the core technologies that my country urgently needs to break through.
The core equipment for manufacturing chips is the most backward in this field, the technology is weak, and the right to speak is low.
The ASML lithography machine uses a 193-nanometer wavelength light source to achieve 7-nanometer-level chip etching, and its price has reached nearly 100 million US dollars.
High product cost and product scarcity made many countries stop at one time, *unable.
In the current fierce high-tech competition, only by improving the ability to innovate technology independently and stopping "usage doctrine" can we provide a new way for the development of the semiconductor industry and provide a new vitality for the construction of a technological power.

 

　　* A CPU requires a lot of equipment and materials to manufacture.
Among the former semiconductor equipment manufacturers, there are four American companies and five Japanese companies.
In fact, the semiconductor industry is a typical pyramid structure.
The more upstream, the fewer companies, the greater the output value, and the higher the technical difficulty.
Due to the late start, the lack of core technology has restricted the development of my country's semiconductors.
Especially in terms of core technology, there are still key technologies that have not yet been mastered.
So far, it is still the status quo that key chip fields rely on imports.

 

　　The development of core high-tech industries requires constant investment, which runs through every stage of scientific innovation.
As an important direction of modern* manufacturing, micro-nano optics manufacturing technology is one of the signs that reflects the comprehensive strength of a country.
How to develop lithography equipment for micro-nano optical structure manufacturing is the unremitting pursuit of relevant scientific researchers.
The future of semiconductor technology breakthroughs can be expected.

 

　　precision instrument
 

　　Scientific instruments have expanded human beings’ ability to understand the world.
They are known as the "people" and "founders" of national innovation-driven development, "multipliers" and "boosters" for economic development and industrial transformation and upgrading, and they are also a game of great powers.
Effective "political bargaining chip.
"
 

　　In recent years, domestic instrument technology research and product development have achieved results, and some instruments have been domestically produced.
However, due to the relatively weak instrument R&D foundation, relatively insufficient technology accumulation, inadequate ability to develop new products independently, and "hollowing" of key instrument components, the problem of high dependence on instrument imports has not been effectively resolved.
Domestic instrument R&D and manufacturing have not been effectively resolved.
There is still a certain gap compared with the level.

 

　　The cutting-edge precision instruments that are basically monopolized by the United States, Japan and Germany, including 10 in the United States, 6 in Japan, 4 in Germany, and 2 in the United Kingdom.
This instrument refers to medical, scientific research equipment, etc.
For example, microscopes, spectrometers, gravitational wave detectors, Raman imagers, measuring instruments, etc.
, guests cannot do scientific research without the use of precision instruments.

 

　　Therefore, all parts of our country are also focusing on the development of the scientific instrument industry and building scientific instrument industrial parks.
In March of this year, Wuxi Quantum Sensing Industrial Park officially laid the foundation stone in Qianzhou Street, Huishan District, with a total investment of approximately 2.
1 billion yuan.
The industrial park is committed to creating a new model of the scientific instrument and equipment industry of "design in the park and manufacturing in the park", and build a park for the entire industrial chain of Chinese scientific instruments and equipment.
On May 17, the Huairou Science City promoted the innovation and development of the scientific instrument industry and the construction conference of "Huairou Keyi Valley" was held.
Huairou Science City will create an industrial highland for scientific instrument investment, research and development, design, manufacturing, display and trading.
It is planned to build an influential "Keyi Valley" in 2030, focusing on instruments.

 

　　Bearing manufacturing
 

　　Bearing is an important part of contemporary mechanical equipment.
Its main function is to support the mechanical rotating body, reduce the friction coefficient during its movement, and ensure its rotation accuracy.
Its accuracy, performance, life and reliability play a decisive role in the accuracy, performance, life and reliability of the host.
Therefore, its application range is very wide and the market demand is strong.

 

　　Bearings can be said to be an important role played by Japan, Sweden, and Germany in the industrial field.
Under a certain load, the number of revolutions or hours that a bearing experiences before pitting corrosion is called the bearing life.

 

　　After years of industrial competition, the bearing industry has now formed a monopolistic competition pattern.
Eight multinational groups from Sweden, Germany, Japan, and the United States divide the market, including the Swedish company SKF, the German company Schaeffler (INA+FAG), and Japan.
Companies NSK, NTN, Minebea, NACHI, JTKET and American company TIMKET.
These eight companies accounted for more than 70% of the market share.

 

　　The bearing manufacturing market in my country is mainly occupied by the eight multinational bearing groups mentioned above.
my country's local enterprises mainly occupy the middle and low-end markets.
Representative companies include the Group Co.
, Ltd.
, Wanxiang Qianchao Co.
, Ltd.
, Wafangdian Bearing Group Co.
, Ltd.
, etc.
However, as local bearing manufacturers improve their manufacturing technology, some large local companies have been able to produce products, such as the bearings for large electric wheel dump trucks produced by the Wazhou Group, which have successfully replaced imported products.

 

　　Later, the editor would like to say, I believe that with the joint efforts of relevant departments and scientific researchers, my country's scientific and technological development and application road will become wider and wider, and a "well-rounded road" of its own will be developed, and import substitution can be expected.

 

　　Original title: What are the instrumental sciences and technologies that need to be broken through to achieve import substitution in my country?