What impact does solar activity have on humans?

[ Focus on Chemical Machinery and Equipment Network ] On September 2, when the China Meteorological Administration first released satellite-observed solar images, the solar images released this time were mainly the observation images of the Fengyun-3E star on the corona layer, from Two instruments on the satellite: solar X-ray extreme ultraviolet imager and solar irradiance spectrometer
.

 

This solar X-ray extreme ultraviolet imager is China’s first space solar telescope and the world’s first solar imager with both X-ray and extreme ultraviolet bands
.
Satellite observation data is mainly used to monitor the solar corona activity, capture the process of solar storm eruption, forecast the changes in the electromagnetic field and charged particles in the earth space, and warn the impact of solar activity on aerospace, communications and navigation, power grids, oil pipelines and other infrastructure
.

 

"Looking at" the sun from the earth, only the visible light of the sun can be seen
.
The X-ray and extreme ultraviolet light that directly affect the earth's space environment will be absorbed by the earth's atmosphere and cannot be observed on the ground
.
However, the satellite is not restricted by sunshine time, weather conditions and atmospheric interference, and can monitor the sun's "every move" all-time, all-weather, and full-spectrum
.

 

Solar X-ray extreme ultraviolet imager
 

Ultraviolet imager means that corona discharge is a localized discharge phenomenon.
When the local voltage stress of a charged body exceeds a critical value, it will free the air and produce a corona discharge phenomenon
.
In particular, high-voltage power equipment often produces corona, flashover or arc due to poor design, manufacturing, installation and maintenance
.
During the discharge process, the electrons in the air continuously gain and release energy, and when the electrons release energy, they emit ultraviolet rays
.

 

The theme of the externally released observation images is "Dawn star watching the sun", including: extreme ultraviolet images observed by the solar X-ray extreme ultraviolet imager and multi-day animation, X-ray images, and ultraviolet-shortwave observations by the solar irradiance spectrometer The intensity of the fine spectral radiation in the infrared band
.
These images show the physical state of the sun's atmosphere at different levels and locations, and people can better monitor and predict the sun's activity level based on this
.

 

The ultraviolet imager is inseparable from the ultraviolet sensor .
The detector of the ultraviolet imager is a sensor that converts one form of electromagnetic radiation signal into another form that is easy to be received and processed.
The photodetector uses the photoelectric effect to convert optical radiation.
Converted into electrical signals
.
The photoelectric effect can be divided into external photoelectric effect and internal photoelectric effect
.
In the external photoelectric effect, photons excite the photocathode to generate photoelectrons, which are then collected by the external electrode, and the obtained optical signal (current, etc.
) is the received radiation conversion value
.

 

Solar irradiance spectrometer
 

A spectrometer is a scientific instrument that decomposes light with complex components into spectral lines.
It is composed of a prism or a diffraction grating.
The spectrometer can measure the light reflected on the surface of an object
.
The seven-color light in sunlight is the part that can be divided by the naked eye (visible light), but if the sunlight is decomposed by a spectrometer and arranged by wavelength, the visible light only occupies a small range in the spectrum, and the rest are the spectrum that the naked eye cannot distinguish, such as infrared and microwave.
, ultraviolet, X-rays and so on
.
The optical information is captured by a spectrometer, developed with photographic film, or displayed and analyzed by a computerized automatic display numerical instrument, so as to detect what kind of element the article contains
.
This technique is widely used in air pollution, water pollution, food hygiene, such as detection of the metal industry
.

 

　　The solar irradiance spectrometer, the observation instrument carried by China Fengyun-3E, can monitor the small changes in the energy of the sun incident on the earth, including the rich fine structure of the solar spectrum, which is of great significance for the precise monitoring of the energy changes of the earth's climate system
.

 

　　Concluding remarks
 

　　FY-3E is equipped with 11 remote sensing instruments, which can monitor various elements such as three-dimensional atmosphere, ocean surface wind field, low light at night, sun and ionosphere, etc.
, which will enhance weather climate, atmospheric environment and space weather monitoring Analytical ability
.
At present, 10 instruments have been successfully started up
.
The development of scientific research instruments contributes to our exploration of the universe and the earth, and we believe that we will explore more unknown areas in the near future
.

 

　　Original title: What impact does solar activity have on humans? The instrument takes you closer to the sun