What is goose balm toxin? Goose paste family tree construction.

In the case of poisoning deaths caused by eating poisonous mushrooms by mistake, 90 per cent were caused by highly toxic goose paste.
What is goose paste? Song Dynasty Chen Renyu in the "bacteria spectrum" recorded: "Goose paste, raw mountains, like geese, long is the umbrella open, taste sly, do not thank the thick paste ...".
the "goose paste" here is goose paste.
Goose Paste contains well-known edible goose pastes, such as the popular "Kaiser Goose Cream" in the European market, as well as the well-known "egg bacteria", "yellow umbrella" and "grass chicken slugs" in our country.
at the same time, the department also includes a large number of toxic goose paste, such as deadly goose paste, gray pattern goose paste and yellow-covered goose paste, etc. , mistaken eating will cause acute liver damage;
so, goose paste is the home of poisonous mushrooms.
goose paste fungal species, about 700 species in the world, with more than a dozen plants to form a symbiotic relationship, different species form, structural types, wide ecological distribution, convergence of evolution and invisible species phenomenon coexist, is a very difficult group in the study of fungal classification.
has been controversial in the definition and belonging of species in the department for more than 200 years.
in fact, it is difficult to define and identify the species accurately based only on morphological methods and intermated morphological characteristics.
using modern classification methods to study the diversity of genus of the department and construct a clear family tree is of great scientific significance to reveal the origin and evolution of the fungi in the department, and is of great practical significance to prevent and treat toxic bacteria poisoning.
Over the past 20 years, the Fungal Lichen Diversity and Adaptive Evolution Team of the Kunming Plant Diversity and Biogeography Key Laboratory of the Kunming Institute of Plant Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in cooperation with international counterparts, used more than 200 samples of model, authoritative and common specimens from five continents, and reconstructed the systematic development almost framework of goose paste with the help of multi-gene molecular system development analysis, and studied the systematic affinity of the goose paste department and the diversity of the geese.
combined with morphological anatomy and ecological feature analysis, a new classification system of the section is proposed, which comprises five genus, of which the goose paste is divided into 3 sub-groups 11. On this basis, the
put forward the "morphological-molecular-ecological standard" defined by the geese paste species, emphasized the importance of individual development characteristics, the residual microstructure of bacteria and multi-gene sequences for species division, clarified many problems in the definition of species in this section of our country, and accurately defined and described 162 species in the genosic section of our country, including 50 new species and 1 The 12 known species significantly improved the understanding of the species diversity of the fungi in China, and also carried out in-depth research on more than 90 species of the department, especially in Europe and the United States, clarified the concept of some species published by European and American scholars earlier, led the accurate classification of the world goose paste fungi, and provided a useful standard for the identification of goose paste and toxic geese paste.
part of the results of the study in the form of television, newspapers, wall newspapers, brochures, students, public officials and the general public to carry out science, "head wearing a hat and waist skirt and shoes on the feet of the mushrooms do not eat" is for the goose paste fungal and summary refining, to carry out the identification of poisonous mushrooms and poisoning prevention and control has played a positive role.
research by The family Amanitaceae: molecular phylogeny, higher-rank taxonomy and the species in China, published in the international journal Fungal Diversity.
the research was supported by the NSFC-Yunnan Joint Fund (U1302263), the Chinese Academy of Sciences Strategic Pilot Science and Technology Special (XDB31000000), the National Natural Science Foundation (31600031) and the Ministry of Environmental Protection's Biodiversity Conservation Special (2016HB2096001006).
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