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What is the difference between an electron microscope and an optical microscope? The electron microscope is a large-scale instrument that takes the electron beam as the illumination source, transmits or reflects the sample through the electron flow and multi-stage magnification of the electromagnetic lens and images on the fluorescent screen.
Instead, it uses X-ray imaging with a wavelength much shorter than ordinary visible light, with very high resolution
.
The optical microscope is an optical instrument that uses visible light illumination to form an enlarged image of tiny objects
.
To sum up, electron microscopes and optical microscopes mainly have the following differences: 1.
Different illumination sources
.
The illumination source used by the electron microscope is the electron flow emitted by the electron gun, and the illumination source of the light mirror is visible light (sunlight or light).
Since the wavelength of the electron flow is much shorter than the wavelength of the light wave, the magnification and resolution of the electron microscope are significantly higher than that of the light mirror
.
2.
The lenses are different
.
The objective lens that magnifies in the electron microscope is an electromagnetic lens (an annular electromagnetic coil that can generate a magnetic field at the site), while the objective lens of the optical mirror is an optical lens made of glass
.
There are three groups of electromagnetic lenses in the electron microscope, which are equivalent to the functions of the condenser, objective and eyepieces in the light microscope
.
3.
The imaging principle is different
.
In the electron microscope, the electron beam acting on the sample to be inspected is magnified by an electromagnetic lens and then hits a fluorescent screen for imaging or acts on a photosensitive film for imaging
.
The mechanism of the difference in electron density is that when the electron beam acts on the sample to be tested, the incident electrons collide with the atoms of the substance to produce scattering.
Since different parts of the sample have different scattering degrees for the electrons, the electron image of the sample is presented in shades
.
The object image of the sample in the light microscope is presented with a difference in brightness, which is caused by the difference in the amount of light absorbed by the different structures of the tested sample.
.
4.
The preparation methods of the specimens used are different.
The preparation procedure of tissue and cell specimens used for electron microscope observation is complicated, and the technical difficulty and cost are high.
The reagents and operations required in the process of sampling, fixation, dehydration and embedding, etc.
, also need to be packaged.
The buried tissue blocks were placed in a microtome and cut into ultra-thin specimens with a thickness of 50-100 nm
.
Specimens observed under light microscopy are generally placed on glass slides, such as ordinary tissue slice specimens, cell smear specimens, tissue pressed specimens, and cell drop specimens
.
The resolution of an optical microscope is related to the wavelength of the light wave
.
For objects close to and smaller than the wavelength of light, optical microscopes are powerless
.
The wavelength of electron motion is much shorter than the wavelength of light, so finer objects can be seen
.
An optical microscope is a magnifying imaging system composed of a set of optical lenses, while an electron microscope replaces visible light with a flow of electrons, a magnetic field instead of a lens, and the movement of electrons instead of photons, so that you can see smaller than what the optical system can see.
object
.
The above is the relevant introduction about the difference between optical microscope and electron microscope.
I believe that everyone has a corresponding understanding of this after reading it.
When choosing, you should choose according to your needs.
I hope it will help you
.
Instead, it uses X-ray imaging with a wavelength much shorter than ordinary visible light, with very high resolution
.
The optical microscope is an optical instrument that uses visible light illumination to form an enlarged image of tiny objects
.
To sum up, electron microscopes and optical microscopes mainly have the following differences: 1.
Different illumination sources
.
The illumination source used by the electron microscope is the electron flow emitted by the electron gun, and the illumination source of the light mirror is visible light (sunlight or light).
Since the wavelength of the electron flow is much shorter than the wavelength of the light wave, the magnification and resolution of the electron microscope are significantly higher than that of the light mirror
.
2.
The lenses are different
.
The objective lens that magnifies in the electron microscope is an electromagnetic lens (an annular electromagnetic coil that can generate a magnetic field at the site), while the objective lens of the optical mirror is an optical lens made of glass
.
There are three groups of electromagnetic lenses in the electron microscope, which are equivalent to the functions of the condenser, objective and eyepieces in the light microscope
.
3.
The imaging principle is different
.
In the electron microscope, the electron beam acting on the sample to be inspected is magnified by an electromagnetic lens and then hits a fluorescent screen for imaging or acts on a photosensitive film for imaging
.
The mechanism of the difference in electron density is that when the electron beam acts on the sample to be tested, the incident electrons collide with the atoms of the substance to produce scattering.
Since different parts of the sample have different scattering degrees for the electrons, the electron image of the sample is presented in shades
.
The object image of the sample in the light microscope is presented with a difference in brightness, which is caused by the difference in the amount of light absorbed by the different structures of the tested sample.
.
4.
The preparation methods of the specimens used are different.
The preparation procedure of tissue and cell specimens used for electron microscope observation is complicated, and the technical difficulty and cost are high.
The reagents and operations required in the process of sampling, fixation, dehydration and embedding, etc.
, also need to be packaged.
The buried tissue blocks were placed in a microtome and cut into ultra-thin specimens with a thickness of 50-100 nm
.
Specimens observed under light microscopy are generally placed on glass slides, such as ordinary tissue slice specimens, cell smear specimens, tissue pressed specimens, and cell drop specimens
.
The resolution of an optical microscope is related to the wavelength of the light wave
.
For objects close to and smaller than the wavelength of light, optical microscopes are powerless
.
The wavelength of electron motion is much shorter than the wavelength of light, so finer objects can be seen
.
An optical microscope is a magnifying imaging system composed of a set of optical lenses, while an electron microscope replaces visible light with a flow of electrons, a magnetic field instead of a lens, and the movement of electrons instead of photons, so that you can see smaller than what the optical system can see.
object
.
The above is the relevant introduction about the difference between optical microscope and electron microscope.
I believe that everyone has a corresponding understanding of this after reading it.
When choosing, you should choose according to your needs.
I hope it will help you
.