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Recently, the Delta (B.
▲The Delta variant (cyan in the picture) has become the main new coronavirus variant circulating in many countries (picture source: nextstrain.
The immune escape ability of the Delta variant
The immune escape ability of the Delta variantOne reason why the Delta variant is highly infectious is that it can evade the neutralizing ability of neutralizing antibodies produced by the immune system
A study released by Johnson & Johnson also showed that the serum of subjects vaccinated with Ad26.
However, it is worth mentioning that the data of these studies show that the immune escape ability of the Delta variant is not the strongest among the existing new crown variants
The Delta variants are faster to copy
The Delta variants are faster to copyA number of recently released studies have shown that an important reason for the highly contagious Delta variant is that it multiplies faster in infected patients, causing patients to release virus particles earlier and release more virus particles
For example, a recent study published online by the research team of the Guangzhou Centers for Disease Control and Prevention studied the viral load of a series of Delta infection cases found in China after May 21 this year
Researchers found that among these quarantined people, the average time from the first virus exposure to the PCR test being positive was 4 days, while in the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, the number of people infected with the virus strain at the time was 6 days.
Moreover, when using the Ct value of the PCR test to evaluate the new coronavirus load of the patient sample, it was found that the viral load of the patient infected with the Delta variant when the initial PCR test was positive was 1,260 times higher than that of the 2020 virus strain
▲Delta variants lead to shorter PCR positive results in infected persons (b, d), and higher viral load in oropharyngeal swab samples (c, lower Ct value) (picture source: reference [1] )
These data are consistent with the faster proliferation of Delta variants in patients
The in vitro study published by Professor Gupta's team on bioRxiv also provided more evidence for the strong proliferation ability of Delta variants
▲The replication speed of the Delta variant in a variety of in vitro models of human airway exceeds that of the Alpha variant (picture source: reference [2])
The means to fight against the Delta variant is still in our hands
The means to fight against the Delta variant is still in our handsDr.
The faster replication ability of the virus also poses a challenge to the durability of the new crown vaccine
▲For slow-replicating viruses, the immune response stimulated for the second time has enough time for the antibody to reach the protective level (a).
Note: The original text has been deleted
Reference materials:
[1] Li et al.
[2] Mlcochova et al.
[3] Pollard and Bijker (2021).
A guide to vaccinology: from basic principles to new developments.
Nature Immunology, https://doi.
org/10.
1038/s41577-020-00479-7