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The most effective solution to end COVID-19 is a safe and effective vaccine
.
The classic platform is used to develop vaccines, including live attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, protein subunit vaccines and viral vectors
COVID-19 epilepsy
In the past few decades, the side effects of vaccination have been a concern for the public
.
Some reports have shown that neurological side effects will occur after immunization , mainly demyelinating diseases
immunity
According to the current types of vaccines, discuss the neurological problems that they may bring
.
1.
Inactivated vaccine
The focus is on the relationship between vaccines and autoimmune diseases, including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), multiple sclerosis (MS) and other demyelinating diseases
.
However, a recent systematic review of the relationship between different inactivated vaccines (HPV, influenza, tetanus, Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), polio, or diphtheria) and central demyelinating disease found that these vaccines are related to MS It doesn't matter
There is no relationship between these vaccines and MS.
Viral vector vaccines are composed of recombinant viruses, in which genes encoding viral antigens have been cloned using recombinant DNA technology
.
The vaccine will enter the cell and produce antigens without the formation of new virus particles
A serious adverse event was reported in the ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 vaccine study, but it is not believed to be related to ChAdOx1 MERS
.
The ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 clinical trial was suspended after a case of transverse myelitis (TM)
3.
Protein subunit vaccine
Subunit vaccines are based on synthetic peptides or recombinant antigen proteins
.
It consists of at least one viral antigen produced in a heterologous expression system
Infect
In Phase 3, the only candidate in this section is NVX-CoV2373
.
It is composed of trimer full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and matrix-M1 adjuvant
Cholesterol According to the data published in the Phase 1 and Phase 1/2 trials of NVX-CoV2373, no neurological adverse reactions were found
Nucleic acid-based vaccines are composed of DNA or mRNA and can be quickly adapted when new viruses appear
.
Compared with traditional vaccines, mRNA vaccines are safer
.
They are non-infectious because they do not contain pathogen particles or inactivated pathogens
.
RNA will not be integrated into the host genome.
Once the protein is formed, the RNA strand in the vaccine will be degraded
.
Since mRNA is not very stable, these structures include modified nucleosides to prevent degradation
.
A carrier molecule, such as lipid nanoparticles, is needed to introduce mRNA into cells
.
Considering that about 2% of people have severe fever and other short-term adverse reactions at the local infection site, these carriers have increased doubts
.
Judging from the limited available data, it is clear that there is a need to further understand the adverse effects of the platform
.
Behind its strong reactogenicity, there are concerns about inflammation or autoimmune reactions after long-term vaccination
.
.
Behind its strong reactogenicity, there are concerns about inflammation or autoimmune reactions after long-term vaccination
.
The Phase 2/3 data published by Comirnaty (BNT162b2) developed by Pfizer and BioNTech involved 43,448 vaccinators
.
Vaccine nervous system adverse events found in four deaths in the placebo group in one case by the hemorrhagic stroke caused
.
In another mRNA vaccine released by the FDA (mRNA-1273 developed by Moderna), the vaccine group had a success rate of 94.
1% for 14,134 participants
.
1.
0% of participants in the vaccine group and the placebo group reported serious adverse events
.
A case of Bell's palsy was reported 32 days after vaccination
.
No such case was found in the published Phase 3 data
.
After vaccination with the COVID-19 vaccine, adverse reactions to the nervous system are rare
.
Cases of demyelinating disease have been reported in viral vector vaccines
.
Fever is one of the most common effects on all platforms, especially on mRNA platforms
.
Whether the vaccine will cause or trigger neurological diseases or accidentally cause neurological diseases requires long-term monitoring.
It is appropriate to be cautiously optimistic about the safety of vaccines
.
.
Cases of demyelinating disease have been reported in viral vector vaccines
.
Fever is one of the most common effects on all platforms, especially on mRNA platforms
.
Whether the vaccine will cause or trigger neurological diseases or accidentally cause neurological diseases requires long-term monitoring.
It is appropriate to be cautiously optimistic about the safety of vaccines
.
After vaccination with the COVID-19 vaccine, adverse reactions to the nervous system are rare
.
Cases of demyelinating disease have been reported in viral vector vaccines
.
Fever is one of the most common effects on all platforms, especially on mRNA platforms
.
Whether the vaccine will cause or trigger neurological diseases or accidentally cause neurological diseases requires long-term monitoring.
It is appropriate to be cautiously optimistic about the safety of vaccines
.
references
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World Health Organization.
Draft landscape and tracker of COVID-19 candidate vaccines: World Health Organization; 2021.
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World Health Organization.
Draft landscape and tracker of COVID-19 candidate vaccines: World Health Organization 2020;
2020.
[Available from: https:// item/draft-landscape-of- covid-19-candidate-vaccines accessed November 21, 2020.
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World Health Organization.
Draft landscape and tracker of COVID-19 candidate vaccines: World Health Organization; 2021.
[Available from: https:// publications/m/item/draft-landscape-of-covid-19-candidate-vaccines accessed February 23,2021.
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World Health Organization.
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[ Available from: https:// accessed November 21, 2020.
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World Health Organization.
Draft landscape and tracker of COVID-19 candidate vaccines: World Health Organization; 2021.
[Available from: https: // accessed February 23,2021.
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.
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(.
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