Who issued a list of 12 drug-resistant bacteria for the first time, suggesting that the government subsidize enterprises to develop new antibiotics

Source: surging News Network March 1, 2017 (original title: who released the list of drug-resistant bacteria for the first time, suggested that the government subsidize enterprises to develop new antibiotics) On February 27, local time in Geneva, Switzerland, the World Health Organization released a list of 12 kinds of drug-resistant bacteria, and the bacteria on the list were deemed by the World Health Organization to be in urgent need of developing new antibiotics This is the first time the World Health Organization has released a similar list "This list is not to scare people with superbugs, it's to remind researchers and pharmaceutical companies of their priorities." Marie Paule Kieny, who assistant director general for health systems and innovation, said Kieny also suggested that the government and foundations could consider providing subsidies for pharmaceutical enterprises to encourage enterprises to develop new antibiotics and regulate the antibiotic market The 12 drug-resistant bacteria in the list are classified into three types of threat: extremely high, high and medium Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacteriaceae, which are resistant to carbapenems, are in the first group, and they are the most urgent to need new antibiotics Carbapenems are considered to be the last straw for human to fight against bacteria When resistant to almost all antibiotics, including carbapenems, the bacteria are called superbugs E coli, for example, has become a common bacteria that causes "headache" in hospitals According to statistics, about half of women have at least one urinary tract infection in their lifetime, and Escherichia coli is the cause of most urinary tract infections If antibiotics work, urinary tract infections are a small problem But if E.coli is resistant to antibiotics, then small problems will "escalate" and the infection will spread from the urinary tract to the kidney and blood, even life-threatening It is worrisome that in the treatment of urinary tract infection, it is found that there are more and more cases of resistance to one or more antibiotics "With resistance to more and more antibiotics, there are only a few options for treating urinary tract infections." "In a more critical situation, we may have to give patients intravenous polymyxin, but in India, polymyxin resistance is also on the rise," said Abdul ghafur, an expert on antibiotic resistance from India In February this year, Shen Jianzhong, academician of Chinese Academy of engineering and Dean of School of animal medicine of China Agricultural University, and his collaborators published a research report in nature microbiology, revealing the transmission mechanism of E.coli multi resistance in poultry industry chain and its breeding environment The reason for the discovery of myxomycetin resistant gene in supermarket meat is that myxomycetin, as an antibacterial growth promoting agent, is widely used in poultry breeding industry The abuse of antibiotics makes drug resistance a public health issue that can not be ignored "In a generation, without new antibiotics, there will be 10 million deaths a year from drug-resistant bacterial infections Without new drugs to treat fatal infections, life-saving treatments such as chemotherapy and organ transplants, as well as routine operations such as caesarean section and hip replacement, could become fatal " Tim jinks, who runs the Wellcome Trust, a British medical charity, said: 'we have a lot to do with drug-resistant bacterial infections It is reported that the development of this list was jointly carried out by the researchers of the World Health Organization and the University of Tubingen in Germany The screening criteria are the frequency of drug resistance, the number of antibiotic resistance, the lethal rate, the frequency of infection outside the hospital, the medical burden and other dimensions At a G20 health conference in Berlin this week, antibiotic resistance will be one of the issues The World Health Organization is in a hurry to release the list with a view to seeking global collaboration on this issue "This list is a social standard to urge relevant R & D investment to solve this urgent public health demand According to this list, we will also urge governments to invest in antibiotic resistance If we wait until the problem of drug resistance turns into a greater crisis, we will need more funds and resources " Kieny said In the current market, antibiotics are not "fat" in the eyes of investors Under the condition of reasonable use, antibiotics only need to be used for a period of time Compared with heart disease drugs, the profit of antibiotics is not high This means that, if the market is self-regulated and driven by interests, no new antibiotics with high profits can not be developed by pharmaceutical companies in time Kieny envisions a way for pharmaceutical companies to get a upfront fund when they develop new antibiotics, or to get subsidies when new antibiotics enter the market, so that new antibiotics can be used sparingly But only if government and foundation donors agree to pay for the subsidy "The correct use of existing drugs is still a crucial part of dealing with antibiotic resistance, but we really need to develop some new drugs." Kieny said Attachment: the first priority (extremely urgent) of 12 key drug-resistant bacteria that need to develop new antibiotics according to the World Health Organization: 1 Acinetobacter baumannii resistant to carbapenem 2 Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to carbapenem 3 Second priority (high urgent) of Enterobacteriaceae resistant to carbapenem and producing ESBL: 4 Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium 5 Methicillin resistant, vancomycin resistant, vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus 6 Clarithromycin resistant Helicobacter pylori 7 Fluoroquinolones resistant Campylobacter 8 Fluoroquinolones resistant Salmonella 9 Cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae The third priority (medium urgency): 10 Penicillin insensitive Streptococcus pneumoniae 11 Ampicillin resistant Haemophilus influenzae 12 Fluoroquinolones resistant Shigella 12 key antibiotic resistant bacteria that the World Health Organization believes are in urgent need of developing new antibiotics