WHO officially notified the four variants of the new coronavirus

On the evening of 31 December 2020 local time, WHO officially informed us of the major variants of the new coronavirus since its inception, including four variants.
from late January to early February 2020, the new coronavirus developed a D614G mutation, which gradually replaced the originally discovered strain.
by June 2020, the variant will be the leading new coronavirus type to spread worldwide.
studies have shown that the variant is more infectious and propagated than the initial strain, but does not cause more serious diseases and does not affect the effectiveness of existing diagnostic, therapeutic, vaccine and public health measures.
August-September 2020, a new coronavirus variant associated with otters was discovered in Denmark, named Cluster5 by the Danish authorities, with a variant that had not previously been observed.
based on preliminary studies conducted in Denmark, it is a matter of concern that the variant may reduce the scope and duration of immune protection resulting from natural infections or vaccinations, and assessments are ongoing.
only 12 human cases of the variant, which does not appear to have spread widely, have been detected in Denmark in September.
14 December 2020, the UK reported to WHO a new coronavirus variant named VOC202012/01, which first appeared in the south-east of England.
preliminary epidemiological studies have shown that the variant is more propagative, but that the severity of the disease (assessed in terms of length of stay and 28 days of mortality) and re-infection have not changed and most diagnostic tools are not affected.
as of 30 December, the variant had been found in 31 other countries and territories in five of WHO's six regions.
December 18, 2020, South Africa detected a new coronavirus variant, the N501Y mutation, which South Africa named the 501Y.V2 variant, which is spreading rapidly in three South African provinces.
the N501Y mutation has previously been found in the UK, analysis suggests it is a different variant from the mutated new coronavirus previously found in South Africa.
week after 16 November, South African health authorities found in routine genetic sequencing that the variant had largely replaced other new coronavirus transmitted in the Eastern Cape, Western Cape and KwaZulu-Natal provinces.
studies have shown that the variant is associated with higher viral loads and may increase infectiousness, but there is no evidence that it causes more serious diseases.
further investigation is needed to understand the effects of the variant on virus transmission, diagnosis, vaccines, etc.
as of 30 December, the variant had been discovered in four countries outside South Africa.
WHO says epidemiological and virological investigations are under way in countries affected by the mutated new coronavirus to understand its prevalence, and genetic data on the mutated new coronavirus found in the UK and South Africa have been shared.
WHO also notes that all viruses, including the new coronavirus, change over time, and that most mutations do not lead to increased virus transmission and sometimes limit its spread.
as the frequency of infections in humans and animals increases, so do the likelihood of virus mutation.
WHO also stressed that while preliminary assessments showed that the new coronavirus mutated virus found in the UK and South Africa did not increase the severity of the disease, it would lead to higher morbidity and lead to more hospitalizations and deaths, so stricter public health measures were needed to control the spread of the mutant virus.
WHO also recommends that countries increase routine genetic sequencing of new coronavirus to better understand the spread of the virus and monitor variants.
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