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| Why do people sleep? Scientists give further answers |
Humans sleep a third of their lives, including invertebrates such as flies, worms and even jellyfish
.
Throughout the evolutionary process, sleep is universal and essential for all organisms with a nervous system
When we are awake, the steady-state sleep pressure in the body will increase.
The longer we stay awake, the greater the pressure
.
During the waking hours, ultraviolet rays, neuronal activity, radiation, oxidative stress and other factors can cause continuous damage to the DNA in the neurons
Zebrafish's neural activity characteristics during sleep are similar to those of humans, and they are the subject of sleep research
.
Through zebrafish experiments, the researchers determined that the accumulation of DNA damage is the driving factor that causes sleep
The study also found that it takes at least 6 hours of sleep to reduce steady-state sleep stress and repair DNA damage
.
So, what mechanism in the brain tells us: it's time to sleep? Studies have found that PARP1 protein is part of the DNA damage repair system and is one of the first proteins to respond quickly
.
It can mark the location of DNA damage in cells and "recruit" all relevant systems to eliminate DNA damage
Through genetic and pharmacological manipulation, PARP1 overexpression and knockdown (down-regulation) experiments show that increasing PARP1 can not only promote sleep, but also increase sleep-dependent repair
.
Conversely, inhibiting PARP1 will block the signal for DNA damage repair
This new discovery describes how to explain the "event chain" of sleep at the single-cell level
.
This mechanism may explain the connection between sleep disorders, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease
