Why is Super Rice Super? This gene is at work

BEIJING, March 23 (Xinhua Yan Jian) According to the latest news from China Agriculture
, the Qian
team of China Rice Research Institute, in cooperation with China Agriculture
Shenzhen Agricultural Genome Research Institute, cloned a rice grain wide grain heavy gene TGW2, and carried out functional analysis, expounded the genetic control mechanism of rice granules, and laid the foundation for rice high-yield molecular breeding. The findings were published online in The New Botanist.
, a member of the rice research team and a researcher at the China Rice Research Institute, said that rice yield is mainly determined by its three main factors: the number of effective spikes, the number of solid grains per spike and the weight of grains. The grain-shaped index of rice includes grain length, grain width, grain thickness and aspect ratio, the first three are closely related to grain weight, and also affect the appearance quality and commodity value of rice. Although some important genes to control the size of rice grain have been cloned, the molecular mechanism of grain re-regulation of rice grain is still unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to clone the new rice grain wide grain heavy gene, promote the molecular process of rice grain size research and rice high-yield high-quality breeding.Based on the recombinant self-intersecting system and high-resolution genetic map of the super hybrid rice "two excellent nines" constructed earlier, the
team detected three genetic site that controls grain width and two genetic site that controls grain weight, and cloned a gene TGW2, which controls grain-wide grain weight, which encodes cell number regulatory factors. The study found that the transcription level of the allegment gene of the parent species Pyethon 64s was significantly higher than that of the other parent's 93-11 allied type, and the number of cells in the shell was significantly reduced. Further studies have found that the TGW2 protein interacts with the KRP1 protein that regulates cell cycles and is responsible for regulating the grain width and grain weight of rice. By importing the 93-11 allebeic gene into the background of the python 64s, the yield can be increased by 12.3% without affecting other agro-sexuality.
team analyzed gene sequences from widely representative rice species resources around the world and speculated that the Python 64s alloty gene first appeared in India and Bangladesh and then spread to neighboring countries such as China, revealing that the gene was domesticated by breeding options.