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▎WuXi AppTec Content Team Editors Type 2 diabetes is a serious threat to global health.
Currently, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adults worldwide has increased from 150 million in 2000 to 450 million in 2019, and is expected to increase to 7 by 2045.
more than 100 million people
.
Numerous studies have shown that long-term consumption of plant-based foods is associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes
.
However, why a plant-based diet can affect the development of type 2 diabetes remains unclear
.
A study led by Frank.
Hu, a professor in the Department of Nutrition at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, pointed out that the plasma metabolic profile associated with a plant-based diet, especially an overall healthy plant-based eating pattern, Associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the general healthy population
.
The study was recently published in the journal Diabetologia
.
Screenshot credit: Diabetologia To determine the plasma metabolic profiles associated with plant-based dietary patterns and to assess the association between these profiles and type 2 diabetes risk, the researchers used high-throughput LC-MS (by liquid-mass spectrometry) measurements The plasma metabolites of 10,684 participants in three prospective cohort studies with a mean body mass index of 25.
6 kg/m2 and a mean age of 54 years were obtained
.
The researchers also used food frequency questionnaires to assess participants' overall plant-based diet index (PDI), healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI), and unhealthy plant-based diet index (uPDI) scores to assess participants' perceptions of plant-based diets.
compliance
.
Holistic plant-based diets refer to eating patterns rich in whole grains, fruits, and vegetables; unhealthy plant-based diets refer to diets that are dominated by refined grains (such as white bread and pasta), fruit juices, potatoes, sugar-sweetened beverages, and Candy, desserts,
etc.
Using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression to assess the association between metabolic profiles and type 2 diabetes, the researchers found that multiple metabolic profiles were associated with plant-based dietary patterns, including 55 metabolites associated with an overall plant-based diet, 93 Metabolites associated with healthy plant-based diets and 75 metabolites associated with unhealthy plant-based diets
.
These metabolic profile scores were associated with corresponding dietary indices and were also associated with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes
.
Of these, overall plant-based diets and healthy plant-based diets were associated with prevention of type 2 diabetes, whereas unhealthy plant-based diets were not associated with disease prevention (all p<0.
05)
.
Specifically, each standard deviation increase in the metabolic profile score of the overall plant-based diet was associated with a 19% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes (HR = 0.
81, 95% CI between 0.
75 and 0.
88); the metabolic profile of a healthy plant-based diet For each standard deviation increase in the score, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes was reduced by 23% (HR = 0.
77, 95% CI 0.
71 to 0.
84)
.
▲A healthy dietary pattern leads to increased levels of trigonelline and hippurate, and decreased levels of various plasma metabolites such as isoleucine, thereby helping to control blood sugar and prevent type 2 occurrence of diabetes
.
(Image source: Reference [1]) The paper states that the plasma metabolic profile associated with a plant-based diet is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes in the general healthy population
.
The findings support the beneficial role of a healthy plant-based diet in diabetes prevention and provide new insights for future research
.
Professor Frank Hu, co-corresponding author of the paper, said: "Consumption of polyphenol-rich plant foods, such as fruits, vegetables, coffee and beans, produces metabolites in humans that are closely associated with a reduced risk of diabetes
.
Metabolomics can be used to determine the role of plant-based dietary patterns in the prevention of type 2 diabetes and provide new insights for future research
.
"