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    Home > Active Ingredient News > Infection > With one shot of the new crown vaccine, the risk of hospitalization and death for the elderly will be reduced by 80% and 85%!

    With one shot of the new crown vaccine, the risk of hospitalization and death for the elderly will be reduced by 80% and 85%!

    • Last Update: 2021-03-23
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    Two days ago, Singularity Cake mentioned that the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in the super-large test field in Israel has shown a good performance as good as the protective effect in the phase III clinical trial, but it also depends on other vaccines to overcome the COVID-19 epidemic.

    For example, the WHO Global Implementation Plan for Covid-19 Vaccines (COVAX) mainly distributes AstraZeneca/Oxford adenovirus vector vaccines (ChAdOx1).

    The latest preprint analysis uploaded by the Public Health Agency of England (PHE) on medRxiv today confirmed the effects of ChAdOx1 and Pfizer mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2).

    Among the 156,000 people ≥70 years of age who had no history of new crown infection before vaccination, the effectiveness of the two vaccines in preventing symptomatic infection was about 60% 28-35 days after the first shot.
    The ChAdOx1 vaccine was effective 35 days after vaccination.
    The effectiveness can be further increased to 73%.

    After completing the first dose of the two vaccines, the risk of emergency hospitalization for elderly people over 80 years old was relatively reduced by 37-43%, and the risk of death for elderly people vaccinated by Pfizer was relatively reduced by 51%.
    Therefore, compared with no vaccination at all , A vaccination can reduce the risk of hospitalization for the new crown by about 80%, and the risk of death by about 85%[1]! If Israel is a testing ground for mRNA vaccines, then the UK is the real-world testing ground for both ChAdOx1 and BNT162b2 vaccines.
    At present, more than 20 million people in the UK have received at least one shot of the new crown vaccine, which is far ahead of other European countries.

    Of course, there have also been many disputes in the process, such as the vaccine supply dispute between the UK and the EU caused by Brexit, the British government has extended the vaccination interval from 2-3 weeks to 12 weeks in the case of limited evidence, and so on.

    However, judging from the statistics of the epidemic, vaccination and other control measures have indeed helped the UK to get through the peak of the epidemic.

    Since February 22, the number of newly diagnosed cases in a single day in the United Kingdom has been below 10,000, which is far below the level of 68,000 newly added in a single day at the peak of January.
    The death toll has also increased from the highest of 1820 in late January.
    Down to the nearest 150-300 people, the British people are already looking forward to the nation's unblocking.

    After being bored at home for a few months, there are really not many that can withstand it (Image source: Pixabay) And at the peak of this epidemic, the B.
    1.
    1.
    7 mutant strain that is more virulent and more lethal is circulating in the UK.
    .

    The effectiveness data of the new crown vaccine in such a "high-pressure environment" may be more valuable than the protection evaluated by clinical trials.
    After all, actual combat is always more difficult than exercises.

    The 156,000 people ≥70 years of age included in the analysis by PHE this time received nucleic acid testing from December 8 last year (the start of vaccination in the UK) to February 21 this year.
    There was no history of positive testing before the analysis.
    And during the test, there are fever, persistent cough, loss of smell/taste, or change in one of the three typical symptoms of new crowns.

    In other words, as long as the enrolled population has a positive nucleic acid test, it should be determined as a confirmed case of symptomatic new crown infection, rather than asymptomatic infection.

    Since the UK's vaccination before January 4 this year is mainly for elderly people ≥ 80 years of age, the analysis specifically sets this subgroup to assess the risk of hospitalization and death.

    A total of 138,000 people in the analysis population received at least one shot of the vaccine, but 44,600 people still tested positive for nucleic acid during the analysis period, accounting for 28.
    4%.
    Among them, the positive rate of the non-vaccinated group exceeded 60%, and the group vaccinated with BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 The positive rate is also 20-26%.

    Moreover, within 14 days after the first vaccination, because the immune response has not been fully activated, the risk of symptomatic infection in the vaccinated group is even higher than that in the control group.
    This also shows how fast the epidemic spread in the UK at that time. The vaccinated group and the control group were diagnosed at different time points, but 14 days after the first injection, the risk of the vaccinated group began to decrease.
    Among the people who received the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2, it was effective 28-34 days after the first injection The sex is about 60%, and it is basically stable thereafter; while the effectiveness of the second injection 14 days after the vaccination reaches 89%, which is basically the same as the clinical phase III study number.

    In the population vaccinated with ChAdOx1, the effectiveness of 28-34 days after the first injection is about 60%, and the effectiveness will be further increased to 73% after 35 days.
    However, due to the British government's vaccination interval requirements, this analysis At that time, most of the participants had not completed the second dose of ChAdOx1, and there was no corresponding data.

    The complete diagnosis number and risk ratio analysis specifically for the hospitalization and death risk analysis of the elderly ≥80 years old showed that 14 days after the first injection of BNT162b2 vaccine, the hospitalization risk of elderly vaccinators decreased by 43% (HR=0.
    57) and the risk of death A relative decrease of 51%; a relative decrease of 37% in the risk of hospitalization after the first injection of ChAdOx1 vaccine.
    There is no death data.

    PHE pointed out in the analysis that the first injection of BNT162b2 vaccine has been effective, and the analysis included all symptomatic people, so if it is expanded to the entire population, one injection of BNT162b2 vaccine can reduce the risk of hospitalization by about 80%, and the risk of death A decrease of about 85%, and the effectiveness of the ChAdOx1 vaccine is basically the same.

    So judging from these data, one shot of the new crown vaccine has a significant effect on epidemic control, and it is believed that the effect will be better after two shots of vaccinations.

    However, in the face of the threat of mutant strains such as South Africa and Brazil, no country can be careless.
    After all, the protective efficacy of basically all vaccines will be severely cut by the E484K mutation [2]. Reference materials: 1.
    https:// Head image source: Pixabay | Tan Shuo
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