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    Home > Active Ingredient News > Endocrine System > You don’t need to puncture blood sugar, just stick this "plaster" on it?

    You don’t need to puncture blood sugar, just stick this "plaster" on it?

    • Last Update: 2021-03-24
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    *The professional part involved in this article is only for medical professionals to read and refer to the 202nd issue of Weekly News.
    Heart rate, blood pressure, blood sugar.
    .
    .
    It can be done with just one post.
    Is it so amazing? This week’s feed is just a plaster.
    Can you continuously measure blood sugar with just one plaster? Vitamin D is great, and it is necessary for blood lipid health? High uric acid causes gout, how come a fatty liver is included? 1One plaster is OK, can you continuously measure blood sugar with one plaster? DOI: 10.
    1038/s41551-021-00685-1.
    Zazazha, blood sugar! Diabetes patients have no life, but they have to suffer from crape myrtle.
    .
    .
    Stabbing blood sugar may be the most annoying thing for diabetics, but in order to control diabetes, continuous blood sugar testing is an indispensable part.

    However, the recently developed skin patch may make diabetics less suffering.

    The research published in Nat Biomed Eng has developed a soft and elastic skin patch that can continuously track the wearer’s blood pressure and heart rate by sticking it on the neck, and monitor the wearer’s various conditions through sweat.
    The level of biochemical indicators.

     Figure 1.
    1 The indicators that can be detected by wearable devices before the research published in Nat Biomed Eng are often limited, while the skin patch from the University of California, San Diego can simultaneously monitor human blood pressure, heart rate and multiple biochemical levels.

    At present, it has been possible to monitor the wearer's glucose, lactic acid, alcohol or caffeine levels.
    With the development of various sensors, there should be more and more indicators that can be monitored in the future.

    At the same time, this kind of patch is not afraid of bending and stretching, and it can withstand all kinds of ravages when it is really attached to human skin.

     Figure 1.
    2 I am not afraid of all kinds of ravages.
    This patch consists of a blood pressure sensor and optional chemical sensors.
    The echo of the wearer’s front and back walls adjacent to the artery is detected by ultrasonic methods, and the wearer’s tissue fluid is measured through iontophoresis, enzymatic chemical sensors and the wearer’s tissue fluid.
    It produces an electrochemical reaction with sweat, and then this device converts this information into the wearer's blood pressure, heart rate and various biochemical parameter levels.

     Figure 1.
    3 Blood pressure sensor + chemical sensor Researchers pointed out that this wearable device is very helpful for people with underlying diseases to regularly monitor their health.
    At the same time, it will become an important tool for remote monitoring of patients in the current pandemic.

    This device can benefit people with high blood pressure and diabetes.
    Continuous testing makes it no longer difficult to detect sudden drops in blood pressure or blood sugar.
    It can also detect blood sugar and lactic acid levels in diabetic patients in real time to detect ketoacidosis in time.

     In addition, this device may also liberate patients in the intensive care unit, so that they will no longer be "tethered" to a series of monitoring equipment, and to a certain extent, avoid the need for invasive detection of arteries.

    This kind of skin patch has little impact on daily life, and one patch can measure three biochemical parameters.

     Figure 1.
    4 Can detect the level of a variety of biochemical substances However, there may still be interference between various sensors at present, so it is necessary to determine the appropriate distance between the blood pressure sensor and the chemical sensor, taking into account the accuracy of the measurement of the patch size.

    The research will further search for suitable materials, optimize the overall layout, and seamlessly integrate different electronic devices.

    In order to detect various diseases, corresponding chemical sensors are also under development.

    This patch now requires the sensor to be connected to a power supply and a desktop machine to display the readings, and the researchers hope to eventually develop a wireless transmission sensor that can detect multiple indicators to form a truly wearable complete system.

     REF:[1] Sempionatto JR, Lin M,Yin L, et al.
    An epidermal patch for the simultaneousmonitoring of haemodynamic and metabolic biomarkers.
    Nat Biomed Eng.
    2021 Feb15.
    doi: 10.
    1038/s41551-021-00685-1.
    [2 ] New skin patch brings us closer to wearable,all-in-one health monitor.
    EurekAlert! 15 Feb 2021.
    Accessed via https:// on 2021 -02-20.
    2 Vitamin D is great, but it is essential for blood lipid health? DOI: 10.
    1210/clinem/dgab097.
    25 Low levels of hydroxyvitamin D may affect calcium absorption.
    Naturally, it is closely related to bone health.
    However, more and more studies have also found that vitamin D levels seem to be related to blood lipid health.

    The results of the meta-analysis also found that if vitamin D can be supplemented, the blood lipids of those with vitamin D deficiency and high risk of cardiovascular disease seem to have indeed improved.

    The research recently published on JCEM further provides evidence of causality for this phenomenon through the method of Mendelian randomization research.

     Figure 2.
    1 Research published in JCEM This research from Peking University Health Science Center used data from 4,662 participants in the Kadoorie Biobank in China.

    The average age of the participants was 46.
    8 years old, and 50.
    4% were women; 14.
    5% of the participants had high blood pressure, 6.
    1% were using antihypertensive drugs; 3.
    2% had diabetes, and 1.
    4% of the participants were taking aspirin. These participants performed a quantitative analysis of 225 lipids and other metabolites, and at the same time studied and analyzed the relationship between actual 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and lipids and metabolites, as well as the genetic relationship between the two.

     Figure 2.
    2 The more alleles that raise vitamin D levels, the higher the actual vitamin D levels.
    The study used 4 genes related to vitamin D levels to estimate the vitamin D levels of participants.

    The results showed that the genetically determined 25-hydroxyvitamin D level is closely related to the actual level (β = 3.
    54, P <1×10-5), which can explain 8.
    4% of the change in vitamin D level.

    At the same time, this genetic-based vitamin D level assessment has nothing to do with factors such as age, gender, smoking status, alcohol consumption, education level, and physical exercise of the participants.

     Analyzing the relationship between vitamin D and blood lipids, it is found that higher plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are related to good blood lipid status.

    Every time a genetically determined vitamin D level rises by 1 standard deviation, cholesterol, lipoprotein particles, very small very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) levels will decrease, which means that blood lipid health is better.

    However, there seems to be no obvious relationship between vitamin D levels and amino acids, fatty acids, ketone bodies, and glycoproteins.

     Figure 2.
    3 The relationship between vitamin D and blood lipid levels Researchers pointed out that vitamin D is not only related to bone health, but may also affect blood lipid health.
    The level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in plasma may have a long-term effect on maintaining healthy lipid metabolism.

    Although the current research has not given the exact mechanism of the relationship between the two, this research further provides evidence of causality for the relationship between the two on the basis of observational results, especially the level of vitamin D and The relationship between very low-density lipoprotein levels is worthy of further exploration.

     REF: Zhuang Z, Yu C, Guo Y,et al.
    Metabolic signatures of genetically elevatedvitamin D among Chinese: observational and Mendelian randomization study.
    JClin Endocrinol Metab.
    2021 Feb 17:dgab097.
    doi: 10.
    1210/clinem/dgab097.
    3High Uric Acid Why do I get a fatty liver when I have gout? DOI: 10.
    1016/j.
    jdiacomp.
    2021.
    107874.
    Although non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) only has more fat in the liver, it increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease, and type 2 diabetes Patients are more likely to be bought one get one free while suffering from NAFLD.

    A recent study published in the Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications analyzed the risk factors for NAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes, and found that high uric acid may also be dangerous for your liver! Figure 3.
    1 Study published in Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications This study from the People's Hospital of Dezhou City, Shandong Province included 400 non-obese inpatients with type 2 diabetes and analyzed the relationship between serum uric acid levels and NAFLD, according to participants The uric acid level divides the patients into 4 groups.

    Among them, the average uric acid level of 1/4 patients with the lowest uric acid level was 198.
    24μmol/L, while the average uric acid level of the 1/4 patients with the highest uric acid level was as high as 404.
    44μmol/L.

     The results showed that the prevalence of NAFLD in type 2 diabetes patients was 62.
    3%, and the serum uric acid level of NAFLD patients was significantly higher than that of patients without NAFLD.

    The uric acid level of patients without NAFLD was 273.
    03μmol/L, while the uric acid level of patients with NAFLD reached 312.
    41μmol/L. Compared with the 1/4 patients with the lowest serum uric acid level, with the increase of uric acid levels, the prevalence of NAFLD is also increasing.
    The highest 1/4 population has the prevalence rate as high as 74%, and the risk is almost 3 times (OR 2.
    94, 95% CI 1.
    25-6.
    94).

     Patients with uric acid levels in the second quarter (OR 2.
    11, 95%CI 0.
    99-4.
    49) and patients in the third quarter (OR 1.
    85, 95%CI 0.
    91-3.
    77) are not optimistic either, NAFLD risk is also May rise.

    At the same time, serum uric acid levels are also positively correlated with risk factors for NAFLD such as body mass index (BMI), serum insulin levels, and blood lipid levels.

     In fact, elevated uric acid levels are associated with increased risks of hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and chronic kidney disease.

    Elevated uric acid levels are also involved in systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance and impaired β-cell function.

    For diabetic patients, higher levels of uric acid are also related to diabetic macrovascular complications, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

    This research has further discovered the relationship between uric acid and fatty liver.
    It is really a full range of no dead ends that puts people at risk.
    .
    .
    Figure 3.
    2 Fatty liver should not be taken lightly.
    .
    .
    Researchers pointed out that there are 24% of the world.
    Of people suffer from NAFLD, which can develop from non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis all the way and even lead to hepatocellular carcinoma! The serum uric acid level of Chinese type 2 diabetic patients is closely related to the prevalence of NAFLD, and the serum uric acid level can be used as an effective predictor of NAFLD in non-obese type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes patients should not only worry about gout if urea is high, but also be careful! REF:[1] Cui Y, Liu J, Shi H, et al.
    Serum uric acid is positively associated with theprevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver in non-obese type 2 diabetes patients ina Chinese population.
    Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications.
    2021.
    doi: 10.
    1016/j.
    jdiacomp.
    2021.
    107874.
    [2] Huang DQ, El-Serag HB, Loomba R.
    Globalepidemiology of NAFLD-related HCC: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention.
    Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol.
    2020 Dec 21.
    doi: 10.
    1038/s41575-020-00381-6.
     
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