You should know about hazardous waste

1. What is hazardous waste hazardous waste refers to solid waste with hazardous characteristics that is included in the national hazardous waste list or identified in accordance with the national standards and methods for the identification of hazardous wastes.
The meaning of hazardous waste should be grasped the following points: (1) hazardous waste is controlled by the directory, all types of waste included in the National Hazardous Waste List are hazardous waste, there must be special prevention and control measures and management measures.
(2) Although wastes are not included in the National Hazardous Waste List, they are considered hazardous wastes if the content of a hazardous or toxic component exceeds the standard limits, in accordance with the national standards and methods for the identification of hazardous wastes.
(3) the form of hazardous waste is not limited to solid, but also liquid, such as waste acid, waste alkali, waste oil and so on.
(4) waste radioactive material is not classified as hazardous waste and should be managed in accordance with the Regulations on the Safety management of radioactive waste.
. What are the characteristics of hazardous wastes according to the National Hazardous Waste Directory, hazardous wastes are mainly corrosive (Corrosivity), toxicity (Toxicity), flammability (Reactivity), reactive (Reactivity,) and infectious (Infectivity).
toxicity of hazardous waste is divided into acute toxicity and leaching toxicity.
toxicity refers to the effect of poisoning or even death caused by one (or more than 24 hours) exposure of the body (human or experimental animal) to foreign compounds.
in accordance with the Provisions of the Hazardous Waste Identification Standard Acute Toxicity Screening (GB5085.2-2007), according to the prescribed test method, (1) the oral intake: half of the lethality of solids ≤200mg/kg, Half of the lethality of liquids ≤500 mg/kg; (2) skin contact: half of deaths ≤1000 mg/kg; (3) inhalation of vapor, smoke or dust: half of the lethal concentrations ≤10 mg/L of waste are defined as hazardous wastes with acute toxicity characteristics.
toxicity refers to solid hazardous waste leaching, in which harmful substances migrate and transform, pollute the environment, leaching toxicity of harmful substances is called leaching toxicity.
Root According to the provisions of the "Dangerous Waste Identification Standard Leaching Toxicity Primary Sieve" GB5085.3-2007), the solid waste leachate prepared in accordance with HJ/T 299 (solid waste leaching toxic leaching method) the content of any hazardous component in the leachate exceeds the limit of the leaching toxicity identification standard, and the solid waste is determined to be a hazardous waste with leaching toxicity characteristics.
, what is the corrosive corrosive nature of hazardous waste refers to easy to corrode or dissolve tissues, metals and other substances, and has an acidic or alkaline nature.
in accordance with the "Dangerous Waste Identification Standard Corrosion Identification" (GB 5085.1-2007), solid waste that meets one of the following conditions is a corrosive hazardous waste.
(1) Leaching fluid prepared in accordance with GB/T15555.12-1995 (solid waste corrosion determination glass electrode method), PH≥12.5, or PH≤2.0; The corrosion rate of steel No. 20 specified in GB/T 699 (carbon structural steel) ≥ 6.35mm/a.
, what is the flammability of hazardous waste flammability refers to the nature of easy fire and maintenance of combustion.
but wastes such as wood and paper are not flammable hazardous wastes.
Hazardous Waste Identification Standard Flammability Identification (GB5085.4-2007) defines the following solid wastes as flammable hazardous wastes: (1) liquid flammable hazardous wastes: liquids, liquid mixtures or liquids containing solid substances at flash point temperatures below 60 degrees C (closed cup test).
(2) Solid flammable hazardous waste: solid waste that ignites violently and continuously and produces hazards at standard temperatures and pressures (25 degrees C, 101.3kPa) due to friction or spontaneous combustion.
(3) gaseous flammable hazardous waste: a gas that ignites at a volume fraction of ≤13% in a mixture with air at 20 degrees C, 101.3kPa, or a gas that is more than or equal to 12 percentage points of the flammable range, regardless of the flammable lower limit, mixed with air.
, what is the reactive nature of hazardous waste refers to the nature of gases or fumes that are prone to explosion or violent reactions, or when reacted.
according to the Hazardous Waste Identification Standards Reactive Identification (GB 5085.5-2007), solid waste that meets any of the following conditions is a reactive hazardous waste.
(1) has explosive properties (1) unstable at room temperature and normal pressure, in the non-detonation conditions, prone to drastic changes.
(2) standard temperature and pressure (25 degrees C, 101.3kPa) and is prone to explosion or explosive decomposition.
(3) can be heated by a strong detonator or under closed conditions, which can cause a blast or explosion reaction.
(2) can be heated by a strong detonator or under closed conditions, which can cause a blast or explosion reaction.
(1) is mixed with water for a violent chemical reaction and releases a large amount of flammable gases and heat.
(2) is mixed with water to produce toxic gases, vapors or fumes that are harmful to human health or the environment.
(3) Under acidic conditions, ≥250 mg (cyanide) hydrogen gas is produced per kg of waste containing (cyanide) or ≥500 mg of hydrogen sulfide gas is produced by decomposition of waste containing sulphides per kg.
(3) waste oxidants or organic peroxides (1) are highly susceptible to combustion or explosion.
(2) waste organic peroxides containing peroxygen, which are extremely sensitive to heat, vibration or friction.
, what is the infectious nature of hazardous waste, refers to bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites and other pathogens, can invade the body caused by local tissues and systemic inflammatory response.
, hazardous waste identification identification of which hazardous waste identification signs are in the use of text, images, color and other comprehensive forms, indicating the hazardous characteristics of hazardous waste.
containers and packaging containing hazardous waste, as well as facilities and sites for the generation, collection, storage, transport and disposal of hazardous waste, hazardous waste identification marks must be installed.
not set up a hazardous waste identification mark, he is fined between 10,000 yuan and 100,000 yuan.
font is bold type, the bottom color is eye-catching orange safeo series waste storage cabinet body using 304 stainless steel structure, cabinet fire prevention, explosion-proof, corrosion-resistant, and the use of thickened stainless steel square pipe reinforcement.
8 systems: central control system, access control system, video surveillance, environmental monitoring, Internet of Things monitoring, automatic alarm, emergency system, exhaust and waste disposal system; Safety and individual protection security); Storage unit: the cabinet has a special storage equipment and stainless steel shelves, according to the needs of different materials, sizes, quantities, auxiliary facilities including flushing equipment, safety ladders, composite stainless steel emergency shower eye wash and other customized instructions: according to customer requirements, site and other on-site actual conditions, to provide customized services.
9. How to distinguish between hazardous wastes and general industrial solid wastes of industrial solid wastes in general, means industrial solid wastes that are not included in the National Hazardous Waste List or are determined not to have hazardous properties in accordance with the GB 5085 identification standards and GB/T 15555 identification methods established by the State.
such as mining enterprises produced by tailings zircon, waste stone and other mining solid waste, transportation manufacturing industry generated waste tires, rubber, printing enterprises produced waste paper, clothing processing industry generated corner waste, leather edge and so on.
waste refers to solid waste with hazardous characteristics, such as waste acid, waste alkali, waste mineral oil produced by motor vehicle maintenance, etc.
, how to distinguish between hazardous waste and hazardous chemicals hazardous waste refers to solid waste with hazardous characteristics.
chemicals refer to highly toxic chemicals and other chemicals with toxic, corrosive, explosive, combustion, fueling and other properties that are harmful to human body, facilities and the environment.
hazardous chemicals also have hazardous properties, hazardous chemicals of practical value are not hazardous wastes, such as raw materials for factory production, chemical reagents in laboratories, etc.
chemicals that are discarded are hazardous wastes and are managed in accordance with the Waste Hazardous Chemicals Pollution Prevention and Control Act.
11. How to distinguish between hazardous waste and by-product hazardous waste belongs to solid waste, evaluates that a substance, article or material is not solid waste, and meets four requirements at the same time: (1) meet market demand, have economic value, and belong to the normal commodity cycle or part of the chain of use; (2) quality control to meet national or internationally recognized norms and standards; (3) no ingredients harmful to the environment or human health compared to similar primary products; (4) no further processing or only minor repairs are required to put them into use.
as long as there is a little non-conformity, it is solid waste.
identified as solid waste, further identification and identification shall be made in accordance with the National Hazardous Waste Directory and the Hazardous Waste Identification Standards.
those listed in the National Hazardous Waste List or identified as having hazardous waste characteristics are hazardous wastes and must be regulated in accordance with the requirements of the relevant national laws and regulations on hazardous wastes.
, hazardous waste packaging is hazardous waste, containing or directly contaminated with hazardous waste waste waste waste, containers, cleaning debris is hazardous waste.
Sites, facilities, equipment and containers, packaging, installations, means of transport or other articles used in the collection, storage, transport and disposal of hazardous wastes are contaminated with hazardous wastes and become pollutants of a dangerous nature as a result of direct contact with hazardous wastes.
61 of the Solids Law stipulates that the above-mentioned pollutants of a dangerous nature must be treated safely for use only when they are diverted for other purposes.
13th, the waste generated by hospitals is medical waste, and not all the waste generated by hospitals is medical waste.
for example, the use of various glass (disposable plastic) infusions (bags), not contaminated by the patient's blood, body fluids, excreta, are not medical waste, do not have to be managed in accordance with medical waste.
such wastes should not be used for their original use when recycled and should be used for other purposes in accordance with the principle of not endangering human health and environmental safety.
14. Is e-waste a hazardous waste, which refers to discarded electrical and electronic products, electrical and electronic equipment and their waste parts, components and environmental protection departments in cooperation with the relevant departments to incorporate into the management of e-waste items and substances.
Includes end-of-life products or equipment produced in industrial production activities, end-of-life semi-finished products and scrapping materials, end-of-life products or equipment produced during the maintenance, refurbishment or remanding of products or equipment, products or equipment discarded in daily life or in activities that provide services to daily life, and products or equipment prohibited by laws and regulations from being produced or imported.
But not all e-wastes are hazardous wastes, and only those with hazardous characteristics that are included in the national hazardous waste list or identified on the basis of national hazardous waste identification standards and identification methods are hazardous wastes.
including lead-acid batteries, cadmium-nickel batteries, mercury switches, cathode ray tubes and PCB capacitors, etc.
. What is hazardous waste reduction hazardous waste reduction refers to the use of appropriate management and technical means to reduce the amount of hazardous waste generation and hazards.
such as through the implementation of cleaner production, rational selection and use of raw materials, energy and other resources, the use of good production processes and equipment, from the source to reduce the production of hazardous waste and hazards.
16. What is the resource-based hazardous waste of hazardous waste refers to the comprehensive utilization of solid waste through recycling, processing, recycling and exchange, so as to convert it into available secondary raw materials and recycled materials.
17. What is the harmless hazardous waste of hazardous waste refers to the physical, chemical or biological stabilization of hazardous wastes that have been generated but cannot or are not yet available for comprehensive use, in order to prevent and reduce the pollution hazards of hazardous wastes.
commonly used for hazardous wastes include incineration and landfilling.
18. What characteristics of hazardous waste pollution to the environment according to the characteristics of hazardous waste is corrosive, toxic, flammable, reactive and infectious, the characteristics of hazardous waste environmental pollution are: (1) complexity.
Because solid waste that meets one of these characteristics is hazardous waste, and the source of hazardous waste covers all aspects and fields of production and life, resulting in a wide variety of hazardous waste, different nature, the process of polluting the environment may be transformed, metabolized, rich and other ways to become very complex.
(2) lag.
Hazardous waste is solid waste, the rate of diffusion of hazardous substances in solid form to the environment is relatively slow, it will take years or even decades to meet pollution hazard standards, but once environmental pollution occurs, the damage caused is continuous and will not be eliminated immediately because of the cessation of hazardous waste discharge.
(3) is not recoverable.
some hazardous wastes, if not properly disposed of or environmental pollution occurs, the difficulty of treatment is high or existing technology can not be treated, resulting in slow or unable to recover the ecology.
19. Can hazardous waste be completely decomposed in nature? Natural degradation pathways are generally divided into photodegradation, biodegradation, thermal degradation and chemical degradation, but hazardous waste is a chemical mixture containing organic, inorganic and other components, the composition is complex and variable, especially the inorganic components contained thereto, generally can not be eliminated by the natural environment and completely degraded, such as hazardous waste containing toxic heavy metals.
20, hazardous waste on the ecological environment how to harm the danger