Zhejiang University Zhang naive team revealed the genetic differences between land cotton and island cotton

high yield and adaptability of land cotton, low yield of island cotton and better fiber quality. For a long time, people have wanted to analyze the reasons for the difference in yield, adaptability and quality between land cotton and island cotton, and tried to cultivate a new variety of cotton with high yield, good fiber and strong adaptability, but it has not been successful.
Recently, Zhang Naive, a professor at Zhejiang University's School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, published a research paper in Nature-Genetics, reporting on the origin of high-quality four-fold land cotton and island cotton and the genetic mechanism of interseth differentiation, revealing the genetic basis of the wide suitability of land cotton and the high quality of island cotton.According to Zhang Naive, the cotton genus consists of 46 double cotton species and 5 thyx cotton species, all of which may have evolved from a common ancestor and then differentiated into eight genomes, including A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and K.
" and all the four-fold cotton species are formed by inter-species hybridization of A-genome Asian cotton and D-genome Raymond's cotton, which are heterogeneic four-fold cotton species. Zhang naively told China Science Daily.
team sequenced two heterogeneian four-fold cotton species, Land CottonTM-1 and Island Cotton Hai7124, and then sequenced the cotton genome with DeNovoMAGIC3 software.
It is worth noting that the continuity of the newly assembled island cotton Hai7124 genome has increased 47 times and 90 times, respectively, compared to the two old versions published, and the continuity of the land cotton TM-1 genome has increased 10 to 20 times. The integrity of the genome, especially in the repetitive sequence-rich silk grain region assembly integrity greatly improved.
said the study combined cutting-edge assembly and optical mapping techniques in the genomic field to significantly improve the accuracy, completeness and continuity of the genome sequences of the two newly assembled cotton species, which also laid a solid foundation for the subsequent study of the four-fold cotton breeding.
" reference genome sequence is a very important basic work of functional genomics research. Hua Jinping, a professor at the School of Agriculture of The Agricultural University of China, told the China Science Daily, "The assembled land cotton TM-1 is the third and most perfect version at present, reflecting the scientific spirit of our scientists to improve and persevere." The release of the Hai7124 sequence of island cotton also represents the latest progress of Chinese scientists in this field and provides an important basis for the study of the functional genome of island cotton.Next, using the two well-assembled genomic cotton species, the researchers found that gene expression, structural variation, and species-specific changes in the extended gene family were the reasons for their formation and evolution.
" By comparing the genomic differences between te tees and island cotton, we found that there are many amplification-specific genes in each of these two cotton species, and speculated that some of these specific genes may be related to the specificity of cotton species. Zhang naively introduced that in the genomes of the two cotton species, also found differences in chromosomal structure.
researchers found that during fiber development, gene differences such as membrane transport, sugar synthesis, and carbohydrate metabolic path paths of land and island cotton were increased.
, sucrose transport, ion transport, liquid bubble conversion enzyme and other related genes that regulate cell elongation, the expression duration in the development of island cotton fibers is much longer than that of land cotton. "This is the main reason for the better quality of the island's cotton fibers." Zhang naively said.
In addition, more ethylene and ABA signaling genes are activated in land cotton, which regulate cotton's response to cold, heat, and other environments, so these genes may be closely related to the widespread use of land cotton.zhang naively said that although China's cotton production ranks among the forefront of the world, but China's cotton production is also facing a major crisis, such as cotton type single, poor fiber quality, low fiber strength and other issues.
, it is of great significance to fully study the function of cotton genome to speed up the selection of high-quality cotton varieties and ensure the sustainable development of China's cotton industry. Researchers
the study will help shed light on the history of cotton domestication and the evolution of the cotton genome. In addition, the difference genes in the genomes of land cotton and island cotton can be further studied for the next step of cotton breeding, improve the quality of cotton fiber, and enhance the adaptability of cotton to the external environment.
study method can also be extended to other crops to better understand the history of crop domestication and improve crop quality. Zhang naively said. (Source: Science Network Xinyu)
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