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In recent years, photoelectric devices based on organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite (such as solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, etc.
) have achieved rapid development, with low raw material costs, simple processing techniques, and excellent photoelectric properties
.
Among them, the crystalline quality of the perovskite film is critical to the effect of device performance
In response to this problem, the team of Researcher Zhou Huanping from the School of Materials Science and Engineering of Peking University and the team of Professor Chen Qi of the School of Materials Science and Technology of Beijing Institute of Technology and other units have developed a "liquid medium annealing" process, which can be reproducibly prepared with high efficiency and stability under all-weather conditions.
Of large-area perovskite solar cells
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the process and mechanism of perovskite film annealing in liquid medium
Different from the usual process of annealing in air or nitrogen, liquid-phase dielectric annealing (as shown in Figure 1) and device preparation have the following advantages:
1) The liquid phase medium provides a uniform temperature field, thereby achieving uniform heating of the perovskite film in all directions
.
When the wet film comes into contact with the liquid medium, it quickly begins to transfer heat in all directions, especially the "top-down" heat transfer makes the film reach the annealing temperature in a short time
2) The liquid phase medium blocks the contact between the perovskite and the external environment, effectively inhibits the reaction of water, oxygen and other molecules with the perovskite, and also avoids the influence of organic atmosphere on the crystallization process of the perovskite
.
In addition, the "barrier" constructed by the liquid medium can inhibit the volatilization of gas phase components, thereby inhibiting the thermal decomposition of perovskite at high temperatures and maintaining the stoichiometric ratio of the components
3) The liquid phase medium annealing process significantly reduces the environmental dependence of the preparation of perovskite devices
.
Under different environmental conditions (humidity and temperature) throughout the year, the efficiency distribution of cells prepared by the liquid-phase medium annealing process is narrow, with an average efficiency of 23%
Liquid-phase dielectric annealing makes the perovskite film have more uniform photoelectric properties, and the difference in cell efficiency between large area and small area is significantly reduced
.
At present, the small area device (0.
Figure 2 JV curve and steady-state efficiency of small area (A) and large area (B) perovskite solar cells prepared by liquid phase medium annealing; large and small area cell efficiency obtained by traditional annealing (Ref) and liquid phase medium annealing (LMA) Difference comparison (C); device performance statistics obtained under different annealing conditions throughout the year (D)
.
Zhou Huanping of Peking University and Chen Qi of Beijing Institute of Technology are the co-corresponding authors of this article.
Li Nengxu of Peking University and Niu Xiuxiu of Beijing Institute of Technology are the co-first authors of this article
.
The collaborators also include the Hong Jiawang research group of Beijing Institute of Technology, the Xie Haipeng research group of Central South University, the Wang Jianpu research group of Nanjing University of Technology, and the Xu Xiaoji research group of Lehigh University