in China, the current lack of comprehensive system norms of treatment, as soon as possible to accelerate and improve the function of patients with consciousness disorders to restore one of the clinical problems that need to be solved.
Ecophysiological Process-Based Model to Simulate Carbon Fluxes in Plants
Time of Update: 2021-01-16
In the last part of the chapter, methods used to measure the carbon flows at the plant scale are discussed.
Electroporation: Introduction and Expression of Transgenes in Plant Protoplasts
Time of Update: 2021-01-16
An optimized protocol for the electroporation-based transfection of tobacco protoplasts is described that routinely results in transgene expression frequencies approaching 90%. The overall efficiency of the procedure depends collectively
Membrane and Protein Dynamics in Virus-Infected Plant Cells
Time of Update: 2021-01-16
Therefore, to meet the challenges of diverse cell biology studies that will be derived from ongoing functional genomics projects, a series of methods relevant to the characterization of membrane and protein dynamics in virus-infected cells are provided here.
Isolation and Characterization of Plant Genomic DNA Sequences via (Inverse) PCR Amplification
Time of Update: 2021-01-16
The basic principle is that following heat denaturing of the DNA sample two oligodeoxynucleotide primers are allowed to anneal to their target DNA sequences located at the opposite DNA strand.
Culture of Zygotic Embryos of Higher Plants
Time of Update: 2021-01-16
The culture of zygotic embryos therefore permits us to determine the conditions in which the embryo grows in the ovary.
Field Testing Resistance of Transgenic Plants
Time of Update: 2021-01-16
The principles and general guidelines for selection among plants altered by transformation are the same as those established for classical breeding ( 2 ).
Separation of Plant Proteins by Electrophoresis
Time of Update: 2021-01-16
These can be used for the direct analysis of expressed proteins, or combined with Western blotting as described in the following chapter (Chapter 35 ).
Probing Interactions Between Plant Virus Movement Proteins and Nucleic Acids
Time of Update: 2021-01-16
We also describe protocols for purification of recombinant viral MPs over-expressed in bacteria and production of different DNA and RNA probes for these binding assays.
Agrobacterium Persistence in Plant Tissues After Transformation
Time of Update: 2021-01-15
Here we present several protocols to detectAgrobacterium in tissues of transformed plants as well as methods to identify the strains isolated.
Artificial MicroRNAs for Plant Virus Resistance
Time of Update: 2021-01-15
RNA silencing is a natural plant defense system against foreign genetic elements including viruses. This natural antiviral mechanism has been adopted to develop virus-resistant plants by the expression of long stretches of viral
Strategies for Viral Cross Protection in Plants
Time of Update: 2021-01-15
protection ( MSC P) has been used extensively to control losses caused by a few major virus diseases in some parts of the world. So far, none of the many proposed mechanisms can fully explain the intact process of MSCP. In fact, it may
