Various types of information disclosed by U.S.-listed companies

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires publicly listed companies to file standardized disclosure documents—commonly referred to as 'Forms'—when disclosing various types of information. Among the most important Forms are: 1. S-1 (Registration Statement for Domestic Companies) or F-1 (Registration Statement for Foreign Private Issuers); 2. 10-K (Annual Report for Domestic Companies) or 20-F (Annual Report for Foreign Private Issuers); 3. 10-Q (Quarterly Report); 4. 8-K (Current Report on material events); 5. 6-K (Current Report filed by Foreign Private Issuers to disclose specified financial and other information); 6. Schedule 13G (Disclosure of beneficial ownership of more than 5% of a class of equity securities). Foreign private issuers are exempt from filing the quarterly 10-Q; instead, they typically disclose quarterly information via Form 6-K.

Eight categories of documents that must be submitted to the SEC for U.S. listing

Proxy Statement for Shareholder Vote (prepared after a SPAC enters into a definitive merger agreement with its target company). This proxy statement is filed with the SEC and simultaneously submitted to shareholders for voting at the general meeting. Its contents include: (1) Information regarding the target company: • Audited annual financial statements; • Unaudited interim financial statements; • Pro forma financial statements reflecting the post-merger entity; • Due diligence reports, director and officer due diligence summaries, business plans, audit reports, etc.; • Public company profiles and media coverage, product brochures, product specifications, and images of products and packaging. (2) Information related to the merger plan: • Specific merger terms and transaction background; • Equity arrangements among parties following the merger; • Post-merger board of directors, board of supervisors, management structure, and executive compensation plans; • Stock lock-up arrangements for new shareholders and original SPAC sponsors; • Post-merger employee stock option plans. III. Form 8-K / Super 8-K Also known as the 'Current Report,' this form must be filed with the SEC within four business days whenever a U.S.-listed company experiences any of the following material events or developments: • A change in control of the company; • A merger with another company; • Bankruptcy or liquidation; • Change of auditors; • Release of earnings guidance or forward-looking financial projections; • Resignation of the chairman; • Publication of financial results. During the ongoing existence of a listed company, other principal SEC filings include: IV. Form 6-K Similar to Form 8-K, this is a current report required when material events or developments occur—but the significance of such events falls short of those triggering an 8-K filing. V. Form 10-K / Form 20-F These correspond to the annual report under domestic Chinese regulations. Domestic U.S. issuers file Form 10-K, while foreign private issuers file Form 20-F.