Overview of enterprises producing fluorinated liquids for liquid cooling

Solvay Group is a multinational chemical company headquartered in Brussels, Belgium, founded in 1863 by Belgian chemist Ernest Solvay. Solvay’s products are widely used across numerous industries, and 90% of its sales products rank among the world’s top three. The company holds prominent positions in rare earths, silica, engineering plastics, polyamides and intermediates, flavors and functional chemicals, basic chemicals, specialty chemicals, specialty polymers, and emerging biochemistry. Solvay’s primary fluorinated liquid offering is Fomblin YLVAC 25/6, composed mainly of perfluoropolyethers (PFPE). It is non-flammable, thermally stable at high temperatures, lubricating, flash-point-free, highly dielectric, and exhibits low surface tension—making it especially suitable for data center liquid cooling. 03 AGC Inc. AGC Inc., formerly Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., is a Japanese glass manufacturing company and the world’s second-largest glass producer, established in 1907—over a century ago—with Mitsubishi Group as its parent company. AGC Group aims to become a globally outstanding enterprise delivering high profitability and growth, leveraging core technologies in glass and fluorine chemistry to serve as a global materials supplier. AGC’s main fluorinated liquids include the ASAHIKLIN AC and AE series: ASAHIKLIN AC-6000 is a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC), while the ASAHIKLIN AE-3000 series comprises hydrofluoroethers (HFEs), primarily used for immersion liquid cooling, cleaning agents, and electronic equipment cooling. 04 The Chemours Company The Chemours Company is a multinational chemical enterprise leading global markets in titanium technologies, thermal management and specialty solutions, and high-performance materials. Responding to growing global demand for fluorinated liquids with lower environmental impact, Chemours developed Opteon™ (Opteon™) SF10—a specialized fluorinated liquid. It is a transparent, colorless, non-flammable, and thermally stable hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) fluid. Additionally, the company recently announced significant progress in the development and production of Opteon™ 2P50—a new heat-transfer fluid designed specifically for two-phase immersion cooling (2-PIC). This proprietary fluid is currently undergoing final manufacturing tests and is expected to enter initial commercialization in 2025, pending regulatory approvals. 05 Zhejiang Juhua Co., Ltd. Juhua Group’s Technology Center has officially launched its high-performance ‘JuXin’ dedicated cooling liquid, filling a critical domestic gap in high-performance cooling fluids for big-data centers. This cooling liquid was successfully developed by Juhua Group’s Technology Center R&D team, drawing upon over a decade of accumulated expertise in cooling-fluid research and development. In August 2021, Zhejiang Chuangfu High-Tech—a subsidiary of Juhua—broke ground on its ‘5,000-ton-per-year JuXin Cooling Liquid Project’, with an investment of RMB 510 million. The industrial-scale project employs industry-leading preparation process technologies and delivers significant energy-saving, emission-reduction, and carbon-cutting benefits. Upon completion, the facility will become the world’s largest single-line immersion cooling liquid production unit—leading both technologically and in production capacity—and effectively meet domestic demand for immersion cooling liquids.

How do PFAS—the so-called ‘forever chemicals’—enter daily life and affect human health?

Data Source Data Point Source Kelly Calhoun Housewife / Sweet Tea Daily / Self-funded blood test in 2019 / Neighbors and friends dying of cancer FRONTLINE/AP/Atlanta Journal-Constitution joint documentary ‘Contaminated: The Carpet Industry’s Toxic Legacy’, February 2026 Calhoun residents drank PFAS-contaminated water for 50 years (200,000 people); cancer incidence increased by 30% Same source; Dalton State College 2008 study on PFAS in local water sources Dalton carpet factories sprayed waste over 9,600 acres of forestland; downstream contamination persisted for 100 years FRONTLINE ‘Contaminated’, February 2026; Tencent News, May 2026 1938: Roy Plunkett of DuPont accidentally discovered polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE); 1944: Teflon trademark registered; used as seals in Manhattan Project; 1961: non-stick cookware launched DuPont official corporate history; ProPublica’s ‘The Teflon Toxin’ series DuPont’s Teflon business generated over USD 1 billion in annual net profit DuPont annual reports; ProPublica investigation 1961: internal DuPont toxicology report noted enlarged livers in rats; 1981: 3M’s 7 female workers gave birth to 2 severely disabled infants; 1990: rats developed testicular tumors; 1993: cost analysis for alternatives led to decision not to switch 110,000 pages of internal DuPont documents obtained by attorney Robert Bilott via court order in 2000; ProPublica’s ‘The Teflon Toxin’ 1998: 153 of 600 cattle died at Tennant Farm in West Virginia; linked to waste landfill near DuPont’s Washington Works plant Same source; case files from the film ‘Dark Waters’ 2000: Attorney Robert Bilott filed motion for court order, obtaining 110,000 pages of internal DuPont documents DeSmog long-form reporting; film ‘Dark Waters’ (2019) PFAS linked to thyroid cancer, kidney cancer, testicular cancer, immune dysfunction, fetal death or disability; long-chain PFAS have half-lives spanning decades NIH PubMed reviews; EPA PFAS Health Risk White Paper; IARC carcinogen assessment 176 million Americans’ public drinking water contains PFAS; 1,050 water systems exceed safety thresholds; 52 million people affected EPA 2025 public data; Sina Kandian, May 2026 97% of Americans tested show detectable PFAS levels in blood CDC NHANES sampling data; CDC PFAS Health Brief U.S. annual healthcare costs attributable to PFAS exposure: USD 5.7 billion Trasande team, NYU Langone Health, journal ‘Exposure and Health’, 2023 Rome, GA: USD 100 million PFAS water treatment plant; Anaheim, CA: USD 200 million; Calhoun, GA: filtration facility construction began in 2024 China News Service, February 2026; Sina Kandian, May 2026; City of Rome, GA City Council resolution Rome municipal bond interest rate: 4.2%; 30-year repayment term; water bill rose from USD 35 to USD 58; share of disposable income increased from 0.8% to 1.4% Same source Home reverse-osmosis system: USD 600; annual filter replacement: USD 200; blood testing per session: USD 300 EWG Tap Water Database; resident testimonies (FRONTLINE documentary) DuPont founded in 1802 in Wilmington, DE; began purchasing PFOA from 3M in 1951 DuPont official corporate history; ProPublica’s ‘The Teflon Toxin’ 3M announced phaseout of PFOA in 2002; DuPont began self-production and expansion at Fayetteville Works, NC EPA public archives; ProPublica investigation 2005: EPA fined DuPont USD 16.5 million (then the federal statutory maximum) EPA press release, December 2005 2017: DuPont settled for USD 671 million with 3,500 residents in Ohio and West Virginia Reuters, February 2017; ProPublica 2015: DuPont spun off Chemours (assuming USD 4 billion debt and 3,500 PFAS lawsuits); 2019: spun off Corteva DuPont SEC Form 8-K; Chemours 2015 IPO prospectus 2021: liability allocation finalized: Chemours 50%, DuPont 35.5%, Corteva 14.5% Chemours 2021 announcement; SEC filings DuPont cumulative settlement amounts: USD 671 million (2017); USD 40 million (Abbott case, 2020); USD 1.18 billion (2023); USD 27 million (Hoosick Falls, July 2025); USD 875 million (New Jersey, August 2025) Reuters; New Jersey Attorney General’s Office announcements DuPont’s highest recent annual revenue: USD 13 billion DuPont 2024 Form 10-K UN Human Rights Council investigator statement, 2024 UN OHCHR public statement, September 2024 April 2024: Biden administration EPA issued first-ever national enforceable drinking water limits for PFAS (covering six compounds); monitoring begins 2027; compliance required by 2029; full enforcement by 2031 EPA April 2024 official announcement First mandatory limit added to the Safe Drinking Water Act since its 1996 amendment EPA historical archives May 2025: Trump administration EPA revoked four PFAS limits, retained two, and extended compliance deadlines to 2031 Sigma Earth 2025; Weidu Network, May 2025; EPA May 2025 press release December 2024: The Guardian reported EPA accelerated approval of novel short-chain PFAS for semiconductor industry The Guardian, December 2024 Love Canal, 1942–1953: Hooker Chemical dumped 21,800 tons of chemical waste (DDT/dioxins/hexachlorobenzene); 1953-04-28: sold for USD 1 with liability waiver Economic Observer, December 2023; EPA Superfund file NYD000606947; NYT, August 3, 1978 1976: black sludge seeped into basements around school; 1978: President Carter declared emergency; 950 households evacuated Niagara Gazette, 1976–78 Michael Brown investigation; Carter Library emergency declaration archives 1980: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (Superfund Act) established strict, joint, and retroactive liability for pollution; 1995: Occidental Petroleum settled for USD 129 million; cleanup lasted 24 years, costing over USD 400 million Same source; EPA Superfund archives General Electric PCB contamination; PG&E hexavalent chromium contamination EPA Hudson River Project archives; film ‘Erin Brockovich’ EWG 2024 compilation: 50,000 U.S. public water systems; 320+ contaminants detected; 200+ without federal enforceable limits EWG Tap Water Database 2024 Report November 2023: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified PFAS as Group 1 carcinogens IARC Monographs Volume 135 (November 2023)

Chemours Company Faces Class Action Lawsuit Over Opteon Product Demand

1 day ago

A law firm filed a class action against Chemours, alleging overstated demand for its Opteon products led to unreliable financial guidance. Investors buying securities during the specified period are urged to join the case before the December deadline.

GlobeNewswire

2026-10-09

Chemours Company Faces Securities Fraud Class Action Over Opteon Demand Claims

2026-10-11

Chemours Faces Securities Lawsuit Over Disclosures and Guidance

2026-10-11

Chemours Company Faces Class Action Lawsuit Alleging Investor Harm

2026-10-12

Class Action Lawsuit Filed Against Chemours for Misleading Investors on Product Demand and Financial Guidance.

2026-10-12

Class Action Lawsuit Filed Against Chemours Over Overstated Demand and Lowered 2026 Guidance