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Insertion Element IS6110-Based Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
DNA fingerprinting techniques are based on genome variation and form the basis of molecular epidemiology studies of tuberculosis.
A number of markers are in use for the molecular differentiation ofMycobacterium tuberculosis isolates by DNA fingerprinting.
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Examining the VectorHostPathogen Interface With Quantitative Molecular Tools
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
Bacterial numbers in fleas, fleabite sites, and infected lymph nodes were determined using real-time PCR with primers and probes for a gene target on a multi-copy plasmid specific toY.
Tissue-matched standard curves used to determine absolute bacterial numbers in unknown samples were linear over at least five orders of magnitude.
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Lipoglycans of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Isolation, Purification, and Characterization
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
In this chapter, we describe in detail the steps involved in isolation and characterization of lipoglycans fromMycobacterium tuberculosis andMycobacterium smegmatis. In addition, procedures involve
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Yeast Nuclear Genes for mtDNA Maintenance
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
cerevisiae is that during vegetative growth, this yeast produces at highfrequency mutant cells that contain large deletions of mitochondrial DNA (for a review, seeref.
Cytoplasmic petites are to be distinguished from Pet mutants, which do not grow on glycerol and exhibit classical Mendelian inheritance ( 5 ).
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Genotyping of Cryptosporidium parvum With Microsatellite Markers
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
Genetic characterization ofCryptosporidium oocysts using restriction fragment length or sequence polymorphism has revealed host-associated genotypes, that are often referred to as species ( 4 – 6 ).
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Identification of Yeasts Present in Sour Fermented Foods and Fodders
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
The main products of this bacterial process are lactic and acetic acids, which are toxic to many microorganisms, most yeasts included.
This application of the lactic acid fermentation originated from central Asia in times immemorial and has spread from there to Europe and the Orient.
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Isolation of Yeast Mitochondria
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
Often preparations of isolated organelles contain other, unwanted, cellular components.
For these types of studies, it is crucial to have highly pure fractions of the desired organelle.
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Construction and Isolation of Recombinant Vaccinia Virus Using Genetic Markers
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
The standard approach for the isolation of vaccinia virus recombinants involves homologous recombination between a transfected plasmid and the replicating viral DNA .
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Design and Construction of Poliovirus Epitope Expression Vectors
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
We have developed the very safe and efficacious live-attenuated Sabin 1 poliovirus vaccine strain as a vehicle for the presentation of defined epitopes from foreign pathogens ( 1 – 3 ). Precise modif
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Quality Criteria in Pesticide Analysis
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
There is an increasing concern in pesticide residue analysis laboratories to ensure the quality of their analytical results.
Internal quality control (I QC ) measures are an essential element to ensure reliable results because they allow both the continuous monitoring of the process and measurements and the elimination of causes of unsatisfactory performance.
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Neutralization of the In Vivo Activity of E. Coli-Derived Lipopolysaccharide by Cationic Peptides
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
Lipopolysaccharide-binding and neutralization of its biologic activity can be detected and quantified by monitoring specific in vivo responses induced by intravascular introduction of lipopolysaccharide into conscious, instrumented animals.
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Transformation of Lactococcus by Electroporation
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
lactis employed protoplast transformation in the presence of polyethylene glycol ( 1 ).
Later work indicated that the cell wall is a physical barrier to the entering DNA not only during protoplast transformation, but also during electroporation.
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Purification of Mitochondrial Uracil-DNA Glycosylase Using Ugi-Sepharose Affinity Chromatography
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
Separation is achieved through a highly specific, but reversible, interaction with a complementary binding substrate (ligand) that is immobilized on a solid support (matrix).
This purification approach has been developed to incorporate protein-protein interactions into the design of the affinity matrix ( 3 – 3 ).
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Molecular Detection of Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis with a Scanning-Frame Oligonucleotide Microarray
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
In this chapter, we describe the utility of a microarray-based approach exploiting short overlapping oligonucleotides (sliding-frame array) to rapidly detect drug resistance–associated mutations (substitutions, deletions, and insertions) in thepncA gene responsible for resistance of M.
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Cytokines, Stress, and Depressive Illness
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
Indeed, it appears that in many respects the effects of stressors are reminiscent of the presumed neurochemical disturbances thought to be associated with depression, including elevated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) functioning, as well as altered monoamine activity within hypothalamic and limbic areas of the brain.
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Virus-like Particle and Viral Vector Production Using the Baculovirus Expression Vector System/Insect Cell System: Adeno-Associated Virus-Based Products
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
The ability to make a large variety of virus-like particles (VLPs) has been successfully achieved in the baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS)/insect cell system.
This chapter focuses on the methodology, based on the work done in our lab, for the production of AAV-like particles and vectors in a BEVS/insect cell system.
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DNA Extraction from Natural Environments
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
Until recently, studies on microbial communities present in natural environments relied on conventional optical microscopic observation and cultivation-based approaches.
The most commonly cited limitation stems from the finding that the majority of microbial cells in natural environments cannot be cultured in the laboratory—the phenomenon of nonculturability.
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Detection and Differentiation of Ruminant Mycoplasmas
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
While a considerable part of this group is conceived to be of minor epidemiological relevance, it contains some important pathogenic agents that have specific host ranges.
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Expression of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases by Recombinant Baculovirus-Infected Insect Cells Cultured in an Airlift Fermentor
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
In this system, the gene to be expressed is cloned into a plasmid transfer vector, downstream of a strong baculovirus gene promoter, and cotransfected with wildtype virusDNA into insect cells.
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Insect Cell- Culture Techniques in Serum- Containing Medium
Time of Update: 2021-02-22
The establishment of new lines is now routine, and the culture of hundreds of cell lines from a variety of insect species have to date been reported ( 2 ,4 ,5 ,6 ).
