Metabolism and Toxicology of Aminoglycosides

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2 Metabolism and Toxicology

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1 Metabolic processes in the body

AGs are highly polar and can hardly be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract.
Therefore, they are rarely taken orally and are only used for intestinal disinfection.
They are generally administered by injection and can be quickly distributed throughout the body after injection
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2 Toxicology and adverse reactions

(1) Ototoxicity

Ototoxicity includes vestibular dysfunction and cochlear auditory nerve damage
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(2) Kidney toxicity

AGs are mainly excreted by the kidneys in their original form, and they can also accumulate large amounts of drugs in the renal cortex through cell membrane phagocytosis, which can cause nephrotoxicity, ranging from swelling of the renal tubules to severe renal tubular necrosis, but generally does not damage the glomeruli
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(3) Neuromuscular palsy

It is most common after high-dose intraperitoneal or intrapleural application, and occasionally after intramuscular or intravenous injection
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