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(7) Immunoanalysis (IA)
The immunological detection method is an analytical method designed based on the principle of antigen-antibody reaction to determine drug residues
.
The immunoassay does not require complicated instruments and equipment, reduces the detection cost, has high sensitivity, and is simple and quick to operate
1) Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
The basis of ELISA is the immobilization of antigen or antibody and the enzyme labeling of antigen or antibody
.
The antigen or antibody bound to the surface of the solid phase carrier still maintains its immunological activity, and the enzyme-labeled antigen or antibody retains both its immunological activity and enzyme activity, allowing the antibody to bind to the enzyme complex, and then detect by color development
MNZ is a small molecule that does not have immunogenicity.
It must be coupled with an immunogenic carrier protein to generate a complete antigen to be immunogenic
.
Since MNZ itself does not have active groups such as amino, hydroxyl or carboxyl groups, structural modification is required
It is also possible to reduce the nitro group to an amino group before coupling with the protein
.
Huet et al.
2) Immunosensor (bioimmunosensor)
The immunosensor is composed of a biosensitive membrane coupled with an antigen/antibody molecule and a signal converter, which converts the antigen-antibody specific immune response signal into other signals for detection
.
The detection of nitroimidazole drugs mainly uses optical immunosensors, which use photosensitive elements as information converters
