Technology of the art spectrum of light

[ Focus on Chemical Machinery and Equipment Network ] If you have another friend from Beijing in your circle of friends, then you may have received a picture of the beauty of the double rainbow.
On September 3, 2020, a rare double rainbow appeared in the sky above Beijing.
This distinctive rainbow is regarded by a group of netizens as a symbol of good luck.
Photos of double rainbows from different angles are also used in the circle of friends and micro Social platforms such as blog spread.

 

Of course, netizens with romanticism naturally also have scholars with objective analysis.
When faced with questions such as "how the double rainbow is formed", the * experts have also answered one by one.
The introduction of the double rainbow from the perspectives of "the double rainbow is actually a neon and a rainbow", "the difference between a neon and a rainbow," and "why the rainbow is arched", has benefited many readers a lot.

 

In fact, when the editor learned that the rainbow is a complete circle from the sky, I not only sighed that the rainbow is a light art performed by nature, but from the perspective of the instrumentalist, the principle behind the rainbow It is also the magical technology behind the spectrum.

 

Red light has a short wavelength and a small refractive index in water droplets; a purple light has a long wavelength and a large refractive index in water droplets—different colors of light have different wavelengths, and different wavelengths of light have different refractive indexes.
The light produces dispersion through refraction.
rainbow.
This is the principle of rainbow formation, and this is also the basic principle of spectrum.

 

　　In fact, rainbow is also a kind of spectrum, and the process of rainbow formation is actually the process by which water droplets decompose complex sunlight.
The spectrum is the product of human beings mastering the laws of decomposition and using them.
Simply put, the triangular prism in the spectrometer is like raindrops in the air, and when the complex composition of light is irradiated into the triangular prism and refracted, the incident light is uniformly decomposed and refracted by the triangular prism due to the different refractive indexes of the colored lights of different wavelengths.
On the photosensitive film, a specific colored light band is formed, and this colored light band is the color spectrum.
By comparing the chromatogram, the color light composition of the incident light can be analyzed to indirectly analyze the material composition in the sample.

 

　　It is worth mentioning that this is because of this detection principle, so the basic characteristic parameters of the spectrometer include spectral range, dispersion rate, bandwidth and resolution, etc.
, and related technologies involving these principles will also affect the accuracy and resolution of the spectrometer.
ability.
Nowadays common Fourier infrared spectrometers, near infrared spectrometers, etc.
are gradually born due to this reason and the development of related technologies.

 

　　As an instrument, the magic of the spectrometer is not only its magical technology of analyzing light, but also its important practical value in many fields.

 

　　For example, archaeology.
For archaeology, spectrum is not only an important tool for analyzing the age of cultural relics, but also a good helper for the restoration and restoration of cultural relics.
As time has passed for a long time, many cultural relics cannot be judged by the naked eye about their composition and craftsmanship.
But the spectrum is different.
With the help of spectrum, relevant scholars can easily understand what substance was used when the cultural relics were made at that time, and how the colored pigments were prepared.
Through the information obtained later, the relevant staff can also better perform the recovery work.

 

　　In, for example, the current hot garbage sorting.
Compared with traditional sorting equipment, hyperspectral imaging technology solves the existing problems of long detection time, low classification efficiency, and inability to sort quickly.
It provides a huge amount of systemization, mechanization and intelligence for garbage classification.
help.

 

　　The connection between the rainbow and the spectrum just shows that technology comes from life, and it also tells us that the principle of a great technology may be everywhere around us.

 

　　Original title: Technology of the artistic spectrum of light