The meaning and characteristics of Chinese medicine classification (4)

(17) Tinctures (General Rules 0120)

1.

2.

(18) Patches (General Rules 0121)

1.

2.

(19) Plasters (General Rules 0122)

1.

2.

The rubber plaster has strong adhesive force, can be applied directly without preheating, and does not pollute clothing, is convenient to carry, and has the functions of protecting wounds and preventing chaps

3.

(1) Gel plaster: refers to the plaster prepared by mixing extracts, decoction pieces or chemical drugs with a suitable hydrophilic matrix and coating them on the backing material

(2) Rubber plaster: refers to the plaster made by mixing extracts or chemicals with rubber and other bases and then coating them on the backing material

(20) Lotion (General Rule 0127)

1.

2.

(21) Mixture (General Rules 0181)

1.

2.

(22) Lozenges (General Rules 0182)

1.

2.

(Twenty-three) decoction (ointment) (general rule 0183)

1.
Meaning Decoction is a semi-fluid preparation made by decoction of decoction pieces with water, condensing the decoction liquid, and adding refined honey or sugar (or invert sugar)
.

2.
Features The decoction is concentrated and added with refined honey or sugar and other auxiliary materials.
It has the advantages of high drug concentration, small size, good stability, and easy to take
.
Its effect is mainly to nourish, and it also has a soothing therapeutic effect, medicinal moisturizing, also known as ointment
.
However, traditional Chinese medicines that are easily deteriorated by heat and dominated by volatile components should not be made into decoctions
.

(Twenty-four) glue (general rule 0184)

1.
Meaning Glue is a solid block oral preparation made from animal skins, bones, nails or horns by decoction in water, concentrated into a thick gel, and dried
.

2.
Features: Animal skin is made by smelting raw materials.
The glue made from donkey skin is called donkey-hide glue, the glue made from tortoise shell is called tortoise shell glue, and the glue made from antlers is called antler glue
.

(25) Alcohol (General Rule 0185)

1.
Meaning Alcoholic beverage refers to a clear liquid preparation prepared by extracting and blending decoction pieces with distilled alcohol
.
Cereal alcohol should be used in the production of oral alcohol
.
Raw materials
.

2.
Features The wine mainly contains ethanol and has a mellow smell.
It is a good extraction solvent.
A variety of ingredients in the medicinal materials are easily soluble in white wine.
Therefore, the wine is usually used for dispelling wind and promoting blood circulation, dispelling blood stasis and relieving pain, and is suitable for treating wind and cold.
Shibi, but children, pregnant women, heart and hypertension patients should not take it
.

(26) Plaster (General Rule 0186)

1.
Meaning Plaster refers to an external preparation made from decoction pieces, edible vegetable oil and red lead (lead lead) or official powder (lead powder) into a plaster, which is spread on the backing material for skin application
.
The former is called black plaster and the latter is called white plaster
.
.

2.
Features: Long-lasting and reliable curative effect, cheap and easy to obtain, convenient to carry, transport, store and use
.
However, the pollution during the preparation process is relatively large, which has a large impact on the surrounding environment and has a certain degree of damage to the human body
.
The drug release rate is slow, and the effect is slow, and it is easy to contaminate clothing and skin.
It contains certain heavy metal ions, and its use has limitations
.

(27) Lotion (General Rule 0187)

1.
Meaning Dew agent refers to the aromatic water agent made by steam distillation of decoction pieces containing volatile components
.

2.
Features: The dosage of lotion is small, because of its fragrant taste, it is easily accepted by patients, and it is absorbed quickly and is convenient to take
.
However, the production equipment requirements are high and the cost is high
.

(28) Tea (General Rule 0188)

1.
Meaning Tea agent refers to an oral preparation made by mixing decoction pieces or extracts (liquid) with tea leaves or other auxiliary materials
.

2.
Features The tea preparation method is simple, easy to use, convenient to store, easy to carry, and can retain more volatile components
.

3.
Classification can be divided into block tea, tea bag and decoction tea
.

(1) Block tea: can be divided into sugar-free block tea and sugar-containing block tea
.
Sugar-free lumpy tea agent refers to a tea agent in which coarse powder, fragments of decoction pieces are compressed with tea leaves or a suitable binder to form a lumpy tea
.
Sugar-containing lumpy tea agent refers to a tea agent in which extracts, fine powder of decoction pieces and sucrose are compressed into lumpy tea agents
.

(2) Tea bag: refers to the tea, the coarse powder of decoction pieces or part of the coarse powder of decoction pieces after the absorption and extraction liquid is dried, and then the tea is put into the bag, and the tea bag is also called the tea bag which is filled with the citation tea bag
.

(3) Decoction tea agent: refers to the tea agent that is appropriately broken into pieces and put into a bag for decoction
.

(29) Liquid extract and extract (general rule 0189)

1.
Meaning Flow extracts and extracts refer to preparations made by extracting decoction pieces with a suitable solvent, evaporating part or all of the solvent, and adjusting to a prescribed concentration
.

2.
Features Long storage time
.
Liquid extracts generally contain at least 20% ethanol to facilitate storage.
Extracts generally contain no or very small amounts of solvents, and the active ingredients are stable and can be stored for a long time .
At present, only a few varieties can be directly used for clinical application, and most varieties are used as raw materials for the preparation of other preparations
.
Fluid extracts typically used in formulating liquid preparations tinctures, agent, syrups and the like; extract agent generally used for formulation, capsules, granules, tablets, pills and the like
.
The liquid extract and the extract are made by extraction and refinement, and the patient's dosage is reduced
.
Due to the accurate content of active ingredients, the dosage is accurate
.

Related links: The meaning and characteristics of Chinese medicine classification (3)