The new national standard is coming: PLA, lactide, double-pull PLA, and bamboo drinking straws are being revised!

The Institute of Biodegradable Materials reported that on July 14, 2022, the National Standards Committee decided to publicly solicit recommended national standard projects such as "polylactic acid", "bio-manufacturing lactide", and "biaxially oriented polylactic acid film".
The deadline for comments is July 28, 2022
.

Among them, "GB/T 29284-2012 Polylactic Acid (PLA)" is the revised standard, and the rest "Bio-Manufacture of Lactide", "Biaxially-Stretched Polylactic Acid Film", "Bamboo Drinking Straws", "Plastic Laboratory Conditions Marine Environment" "Test Methods for Degradation Rate and Disintegration Degree of Plastics" and "Test Methods for Determination of Total Fluorine Content in Bio-based Materials and Degradable Plastics" are newly formulated standards
.

1.
"polylactic acid" revision plan

Project cycle 12 months

Application date 2021-10-13

Announcement start date 2022-07-14

Public notice deadline 2022-07-28

Main drafting unit

Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials Co.
, Ltd.

Anhui Fengyuan Biotechnology Co.
, Ltd.

Institute of Light Industry Plastics Processing and Application, Beijing Technology and Business University

Prius Biotechnology Co.
, Ltd.

Ningbo Jialian Technology Co.
, Ltd.

Hefei Hengxin Life Technology Co.
, Ltd.

Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Sichuan University

Henan Jindan Lactic Acid Technology Co.
, Ltd.

Jilin COFCO Biomaterials Co.
, Ltd.

Shenzhen Guanghua Weiye Industrial Co.
, Ltd.

Tongji University

Yunnan Nationalities University

Kingfa Technology Co.
, Ltd.

Yangzhou Huitong Biological New Material Co.
, Ltd.

Henan Longdu Tianren Biomaterials Co.
, Ltd.

Jiangnan University

Shanghai Juyou Chemical Co.
, Ltd.

National Plastic Products Quality Inspection Center (Beijing), etc.

Amendment purpose and significance

At present, the global biodegradable plastic production capacity has reached about 1 million tons, and the annual growth rate is more than 20%; PLA, PHA, PBAT, PPC and other biodegradable materials have not only significantly improved in performance, but also reduced production costs and market competition.
The power continues to increase, and its application is no longer limited to high-end fields.
It has begun to be applied in the fields of daily necessities such as fibers, daily film bags, and agricultural mulch films
.

China's biodegradable plastics, as the focus of the development of the plastics industry during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, have developed rapidly; the domestic production capacity has reached about 500,000 tons, of which the PLA production capacity has reached 50,000 tons/year, and a large number of production lines are under construction or planned Under construction, it is expected that biodegradable plastics will be better developed during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period
.

GB/T 29284-2012 was released in 2012.
With the progress of production technology and changes in use requirements in recent years, the increasing variety of products and the expanding needs of application fields, national standards are urgently needed to standardize and unify the technical requirements of related products
.

Therefore, it is particularly important to formulate suitable biodegradable polylactic acid standards
.

It can be seen that the revision of the standard will play a role in guaranteeing the implementation of the national strategic emerging industry plan, and will play a positive role in promoting the rapid development of the industry, with huge social and economic benefits
.

Revised main content

This document specifies the terms and definitions, requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, storage and transportation of polylactic acid resins
.
This document applies to polylactic acid (hereinafter referred to as PLA) resins obtained by polymerization using lactic acid or lactide as raw materials
.

2.
"Bio-manufacturing of Lactide" formulation plan

Project cycle 18 months

Application date 2022-02-21

Announcement start date 2022-07-14

Public notice deadline 2022-07-28

Main drafting unit

Anhui Fengyuan Biotechnology Co.
, Ltd.

Yangzhou Huitong Technology Co.
, Ltd.

Hefei Hengxin Life Technology Co.
, Ltd.

Beijing Technology and Business University

Sichuan University

Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials Co.
, Ltd.

Prius Biotechnology Co.
, Ltd.

Yangzhou Huitong New Material Co.
, Ltd.

Ningbo Jialian Technology Co.
, Ltd.
, etc.

Develop purpose and meaning

At present, a consensus has been reached on the global plastic restriction and ban
.

In October 2018, the European Union took the lead in enacting a ban on plastics, and countries around the world have successively promulgated plastic restrictions or bans
.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the tenth meeting of the Central Comprehensive Deepening Reform Committee on September 9, 2019 that "orderly prohibits and restricts the production, sales and use of some plastic products, and actively promotes recyclable, easily recyclable and degradable alternative products", Achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality is a major strategic decision made by the Party Central Committee, and an inevitable choice to solve China's resource and environmental problems, promote the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, and build a community of shared future for mankind
.

On January 16, 2020, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the "Opinions on Further Strengthening the Control of Plastic Pollution"; Actively promote the reduction of plastic production and use at the source, actively promote the green design of plastic products, and scientifically and prudently promote plastic substitute products
.

With the implementation of the domestic "plastic restriction order" and "double carbon" policies, some cities in China have begun to enforce the classification of urban domestic waste, and the greening of e-commerce packaging, postal express packaging, and takeaway packaging has become a trend
.

The production, sales and use of biodegradable materials have gradually transitioned from demonstration and promotion to large-scale industrialization
.

At present, as a bio-based degradable material, polylactic acid has the advantages of high cost performance, stable performance, continuous reduction of production costs, and continuous enhancement of market competitiveness.
Its application is no longer limited to high-end fields, and it has begun to be applied to fibers and daily-use film bags on a large scale.
, agricultural plastic film and other daily necessities
.

As the core raw material for the production of polylactic acid, lactide is continuously increasing with the rapid development of the application industry of polylactic acid
.

The process technology and industrialized equipment for the preparation of polylactic acid by the polymerization of lactide have been mature, but the preparation of high-purity lactide is still the difficulty and key point of the relevant technical system
.

In recent years, major progress has been made in the development of technologies such as lactide preparation and purification and related equipment development in China, which has promoted breakthroughs in the preparation technology of high-purity lactide
.

At present, there are nearly ten manufacturers of polylactic acid using lactide as raw material in the world, with an annual production capacity of more than 800,000 tons of polylactic acid
.

Nature works, a subsidiary of the world's largest grain merchant Cargill, has built a polylactic acid production line with an annual output of 200,000 tons, and is expanding its production capacity to one million tons in steps; Total Corbion, a subsidiary of European oil giant France's Total, has built an annual production line in Thailand.
A 100,000-ton polylactic acid plant is currently under construction in France with an annual output of 200,000 tons of polylactic acid
.

Domestically, Anhui Fengyuan Biotechnology Co.
, Ltd.
has built a first-phase polylactic acid production line with an annual output of 100,000 tons, and a second-phase polylactic acid production line with an annual output of 300,000 tons is under construction; Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials has built an annual output of 3 The 10,000-ton polylactic acid plant is building a polylactic acid production line with an annual output of 100,000 tons; Jilin COFCO Biomaterials currently has a polylactic acid scale of 10,000 tons per year
.

In the past, corn, cassava and other food crops were mainly used as raw materials to produce lactic acid, and lactic acid was then dehydrated and cyclized to obtain lactide.
However, under the background of ensuring food security, new biological materials need to expand a wider source
.

In recent years, through continuous technological research, breakthroughs have been made in fermentation strains and separation and extraction technology.
Agricultural and forestry wastes such as straw and reed can be used as raw materials to produce high-purity lactic acid through modern biological fermentation technology.
The lactic acid is then dehydrated and cracked.
to obtain lactide
.

In this model, agricultural and forestry wastes are turned into treasures, which not only solves the problem of raw material security for the production of lactide in the future, but also drives farmers to increase their incomes and become rich, and promote the revitalization of rural industries
.

In addition, a major breakthrough has been made in the recovery and preparation of lactide from post-processing and post-consumer polylactic acid waste, which enables us to not only reduce waste, but also maintain the recycling of resources and truly realize a closed loop of resources
.

Using biomass to bio-manufacture lactide can also increase farmers' income
.

As a typical raw material of carbon neutral, renewable and biodegradable polymer materials, lactide is another revolutionary new material after petrochemical polymer materials, and will gradually become a basic commodity for China's national economic and social development.
Raw materials, effectively driving the development of other biodegradable materials, related industries and surrounding industries
.

After 20 years of technical research and application practice, China has a solid foundation for large-scale industrial implementation of lactide industry development, effectively solve the problem of affecting the yield of lactide and generate a relatively high proportion of racemic by-products, and obtain high-purity The technical problem of lactide's "stuck neck" is expected to quickly realize the rational layout and coordinated operation of the lactide industry chain and supply chain, and drive the high-quality development of the lactide industry
.

The current method of producing lactide is mainly through dehydration polymerization and cracking cyclization of lactic acid; the quality of products produced by different manufacturers is different.
Due to the lack of relevant national standards or industry standards at present, it is easy to cause differences in the judgment standards between the supply and demand sides of the industry chain.
, it is impossible to determine the quality of the product, which causes a lot of inconvenience to users and manufacturers in the selection of products, which seriously hinders the promotion and application of bio-based material products, so the formulation of relevant national standards has become a top priority
.

The formulation of this standard will better standardize the production and sales of lactide, protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, and correctly guide the orderly development of the lactide industry; at the same time, the formulation of this standard not only fills the gaps at home and abroad, but also It will effectively promote the progress of the technical level of the lactide industry and expand the scale of market application
.

formulate main content

This standard specifies the terms and definitions, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules and marking, packaging, transportation and storage requirements of lactide
.
This standard is applicable to lactide obtained by dehydration, cracking, cyclization and refining using lactic acid as raw material
.

3.
"Biaxially oriented polylactic acid film" formulation plan

Project cycle 18 months

Declaration date 2022-01-10

Announcement start date 2022-07-14

Public notice deadline 2022-07-28

Main drafting unit

Xiamen Changsu Industrial Co.
, Ltd.

Hefei Hengxin Life Technology Co.
, Ltd.

Anhui Fengyuan Biotechnology Co.
, Ltd.

Ningbo Jialian Technology Co.
, Ltd.

Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials Co.
, Ltd.

Shandong Shenghe Film New Material Co.
, Ltd.

Beijing Technology and Business University

Prius Biotechnology Co.
, Ltd.

National Plastic Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Beijing), etc.

Develop purpose and meaning

With the implementation of the domestic "plastic restriction order" and "double carbon" policy, biaxially oriented polylactic acid film (BOPLA) has attracted much attention.
Label film, tape film, window film, bag-making film and other fields have broad market prospects
.

BOPLA is a full bio-based membrane material with raw materials derived from corn.
In the context of the national "double carbon", the production of 1KG BOPLA can reduce CO2 emissions by about 2.
739KG compared to the production of 1KG BOPP, and the carbon emission reduction rate is as high as 70%.
The country has made an effective contribution to achieving the goal of "carbon neutrality"
.

BOPLA is also a 100% degradable film material.
With the implementation of the national "plastic restriction order", many non-degradable disposable products have been banned from use.
Biodegradable BOPLA film is particularly important in disposable applications.
, For example: biodegradable BOPLA tape can replace non-degradable BOPP tape in the express delivery industry.
The express delivery industry uses about 50 billion meters of tape a year and can circle the earth's equator nearly 1,200 times; biodegradable BOPLA film can be used in disposable In the field of packaging bags, nearly 2 trillion non-degradable disposable packaging bags can be replaced a year; biodegradable BOPLA film can be used in the field of disposable lunch box window films, which can replace nearly 10 billion non-degradable lunch box window films a year.
and so on
.

It can be seen that BOPLA film, as a fully bio-based degradable film material, can greatly reduce the pollution of non-degradable plastics to the environment and achieve effective environmental protection and carbon reduction
.

At present, the method of producing biaxially oriented polylactic acid film mainly includes the step-by-step biaxial stretching method; the quality of products of different manufacturers varies.
Due to the current lack of relevant industry standards and national standards, it is easy to cause differences in the judgment standards between the supply and demand sides of the industrial chain.
It is impossible to judge the quality of the product, which brings a lot of inconvenience to users and manufacturers in the selection of products, which seriously hinders the promotion and application of domestic products.
Therefore, it is imperative to formulate relevant industry standards
.

The formulation of this standard will better standardize the production and sales of biaxially oriented polylactic acid film, protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, and correctly guide the orderly development of the biaxially oriented polylactic acid film industry; the formulation of this standard has filled the domestic It can effectively promote the technological level of the biaxially oriented polylactic acid film industry and promote the promotion and application of the localization of biaxially oriented polylactic acid film
.

At the same time, it will also drive the progress and development of related machinery and equipment, raw materials and other industries, and create greater economic and social value
.

formulate main content

The main technical contents stipulated in this standard include the appearance, specifications, performance requirements, environmental protection requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of biaxially oriented polylactic acid films
.
The performance requirements mainly involve mechanical properties, opening smoothness,
etc.
This standard applies to biaxially oriented polylactic acid films
.

4.
"Bamboo drinking straws" formulate plan

Project cycle 12 months

Application date2021-05-27

Announcement start date 2022-07-14

Public notice deadline 2022-07-28

Main drafting unit

International Bamboo and Rattan Center

Anhui Hongye Group Ecological Bamboo Fiber Technology Co.
, Ltd.

Longzhu Technology Group Co.
, Ltd.

Anhui Hongye Group Co.
, Ltd.

Zhejiang Modern Textile Technology Innovation Center

Develop purpose and meaning

More than 70% of the single-use plastic products produced globally are discarded directly into the soil, air and ocean.
It is estimated that by 2050, the total amount of plastic in the ocean will exceed that of fish, with almost no single-use plastic straws.
recycling
.

The National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the "Opinions on Further Strengthening the Control of Plastic Pollution" on January 19, 2020, which mentioned that by the end of 2020, the catering industry nationwide will ban the use of non-degradable disposable plastic straws
.

According to statistics, the cumulative output of plastic straws in China in 2019 was nearly 30,000 tons, or about 46 billion, which caused great pollution to the environment
.

China is the country with the most abundant bamboo resources in the world.
It has fast growth rate, mature bamboo material and short rotation period.
It is a very good natural renewable and degradable resource.
In addition to being used as raw materials for engineering materials, the application of bamboo straws can not only greatly alleviate plastic pollution.
The global plastic pollution problem caused by straws also has huge economic, social and ecological benefits
.

The cost of bamboo straws prepared by the new technology has strong market competitiveness
.

However, the bamboo straws on the market have different preparation processes and the quality is uneven.
The existing standards mainly regulate plastic straws and disposable paper straws, and there are no relevant standards for bamboo straws, which limits the development of bamboo straws
.

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2022-03-24

2022-07-14

2022-07-28

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2022-035-24

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2022-07-28

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For example: GB4809 "Standard for Fluorine Allowance in Food" stipulates that the maximum amount of common food should not exceed 2.
0 mg/Kg, GB4806.
1 "Plastic Materials and Products for Food Contact" stipulates that the total migration amount of each substance in the package should be less than 10mg/dm2, the US FDA's migration of undetermined non-carcinogenic substances in the diet should be less than 5.
0mg/Kg, and the total migration of substances in EU Directive 90/128/EEC should not be greater than 2.
0 mg/Kg
.

EN13432 and ASTM D6400 also put forward the technical requirements for the total fluorine content in the package not more than 100mg/Kg
.

Therefore, more trace and more accurate requirements are put forward for the detection method of fluorine
.

For bio-based materials and degradable plastics, after the organic carbon is degraded into carbon dioxide, a small molecular substance, the fluorine element contained in it will enter the medium of the degradation environment.
If the fluorine content is too high, it will affect the environmental medium.
, In China, many national standards for bio-based materials and degradable plastics stipulate the requirements for fluorine content, but because there is no clear national standard, the testing of various inspection agencies will be slightly biased
.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a standard for the detection method of fluorine content
.

formulate main content

This standard specifies the test principle, reagents and materials, instruments and equipment, test methods, result calculation and test report for the determination of fluorine content in bio-based materials and degraded plastics by pyrolysis-ion chromatography, and is suitable for the determination of fluorine content ≥ 1mg/Kg plastic or plastic products
.
The plastic or plastic product is hydrolyzed at high temperature by combustion in a mixture of water vapor and oxygen, and all the fluorine contained in it is converted into fluoride and quantitatively dissolved in water.
The fluoride ion concentration in the sample solution is determined by ion chromatography, and the fluorine in the plastic or plastic product is calculated.
content
.