To limit global warming, deep emissions reductions are required in all sectors

On April 4, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released the third working group report of the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) "Climate Change 2022: Mitigating Climate Change"
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The report comprehensively summarizes and summarizes the new progress made by the international scientific community in the field of climate change mitigation since the release of the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), expounds the status of global greenhouse gas emissions, and limits global warming to different levels.
Emission reduction paths, synergy between climate change mitigation and adaptation actions and sustainable development, etc.
, reveal the importance and urgency of implementing deep greenhouse gas emission reduction across the industry, especially energy system emission reduction, in order to achieve different levels of temperature rise control.
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It also emphasized that climate change mitigation actions are more acceptable, sustainable and effective in the context of sustainable development, equity and poverty eradication

The third working group report is an important part of AR6.
A total of 278 authors from 65 countries participated in the preparation of the report, including 13 Chinese authors
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At the 56th IPCC plenary meeting and the 14th meeting of Working Group III held from March 21 to April 4, government representatives from 195 member countries reviewed and approved the Summary for Policymakers (SPM) line by line and accepted end report

To limit global warming, deep emissions reductions are required in all sectors

Limiting global warming will require a major transformation of the energy sector
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This will involve drastically reducing the use of fossil fuels, widespread electrification, improving energy efficiency, and using alternative fuels such as hydrogen

“The right policies, infrastructure and technology to change the way we live and behave could reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 40%-70% by 2050.

This offers huge untapped potential
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Evidence also shows that living Changes in approach can also improve our health and well-being

　　Cities and urban areas also offer important opportunities for reducing emissions
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Emission reductions can be achieved by reducing energy consumption (such as creating compact, walkable cities), electrifying transportation in conjunction with low-emission energy sources, and using nature to increase carbon absorption and storage, and, for established, fast-growing and There are many options for new cities

　　“Examples of zero-energy or zero-carbon buildings can be seen in virtually all climates
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Actions during this decade are critical to capturing the emissions reduction potential of buildings

　　Reducing emissions from the industrial sector requires more efficient use of materials, reuse and recycling of products, and minimization of waste
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For basic materials such as steel, building materials and chemicals, production processes with low to zero greenhouse gas emissions are at the pilot to near-commercial stage

　　The energy sector accounts for about a quarter of global emissions
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Achieving net-zero emissions will be very difficult and will require new production processes, low- and zero-emission electricity, hydrogen and, where necessary, carbon capture and storage

　　Agriculture, forestry and other land uses can achieve massive emissions reductions, as well as massive CO2 removal and storage
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However, land cannot compensate for delayed emissions reductions in other sectors
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Response options benefit biodiversity, help us adapt to climate change, and secure livelihoods, food, water and timber supplies
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　　Controlling global temperature rise, the next few years are the key

　　In the scenarios assessed by Working Group III, limiting global warming to no more than 1.
5°C pre-industrial would require global greenhouse gas emissions to peak by 2025 and a 43% reduction by 2030; meanwhile, methane It also needs to be reduced by about a third
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　　“If you want to keep global warming below pre-industrial levels of 1.
5°C, you need to act now
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It’s almost impossible to achieve deep cuts in all sectors without immediate implementation,
” Skea said
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　　When carbon dioxide emissions reach net zero, global temperatures will also stabilize
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If global warming is to be controlled within 2°C of pre-industrialization, net-zero global carbon dioxide emissions, or "carbon neutrality", will need to be achieved around the early 1970s; Within the first 1.
5°C, net-zero global carbon dioxide emissions will need to be achieved in the early 2050s
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　　The assessment report shows that limiting warming to no more than 2°C above pre-industrial levels would still require global greenhouse gas emissions to peak by 2025 and fall by a quarter by 2030
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　　Strengthening climate finance and closing the investment gap

　　The Working Group 3 report also looks beyond technology, noting that while capital flows are three to six times lower than needed compared to what would be needed to keep warming below the pre-industrial level of 2°C by 2030, There is still enough global capital and liquidity to fill the investment gap, but this depends on clear signals from governments and the international community, including greater fiscal and policy coherence in the public sector
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　　“Without taking into account the economic benefits of reducing adaptation costs or avoiding climate impacts, if necessary actions are taken to limit global warming to no more than 2°C pre-industrial, global warming in 2050 compared to maintaining existing policies Gross domestic product (GDP) will be reduced by only a few percentage points," Shukla said
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　　Take climate action to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals

　　Accelerating equitable climate action in mitigating and adapting to the impacts of climate change is critical to sustainable development
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Some coping options can sequester and store carbon and, at the same time, help communities limit impacts related to climate change
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In cities, for example, forming a network of parks and open spaces, wetlands, and urban agriculture can reduce flood risk and reduce heat island effects
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　　Industrial emission reductions can reduce environmental impact and increase employment and business opportunities
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Electrification of renewable energy and transformation of public transport can boost health, jobs and equity
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　　"Climate change is the result of more than a century of unsustainable energy and land use, life>
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"This report shows that taking action now can move us towards a fairer and more sustainable world
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