Xinjiang Oilfield Creates "Chinese Sample" for Heavy Oil Development

Original title: No "worry" for heavy oil, Xinjiang Oilfield creates a "Chinese sample" for heavy oil development

Original Source: Economic Information Daily

On the endless Gobi desert, where there are many derricks, almost solid ultra-heavy oil a few hundred meters underground is continuously contributing the “rare earth” in the oil-naphthenic heavy oil to our country.

"The development of heavy oil is difficult, and it is difficult to reach the sky"

Karamay means "black oil" in Uyghur language.

The Junggar Basin is rich in heavy oil resources.

The world is rich in heavy oil resources, with proven reserves reaching more than 815 billion tons, accounting for about 70% of the remaining proven reserves of global oil.

"The development of heavy oil is difficult to reach the sky", this is the consensus of the Karamay Petroleum people.

"Compared with heavy oil fields that have been successfully exploited at home and abroad, Karamay's heavy oil reservoirs are more complex and have worse reservoir conditions.

In order to overcome the difficulties in heavy oil development, since 1996, more than 1,600 Karamay oilmen who were unwilling to give up, relying on relevant scientific research projects of the state and China National Petroleum Corporation, established 14 pilot test areas on the Gobi Desert.

　　Concentrate on the "Development Forbidden Zone" to usher in a new life

　　Facing the problem of heavy oil exploitation, Karamay Petroleum people have been searching for a long time since the 1950s.

　　“Before winter, the fog was hazy, and the oil area was like a fairyland.

　　After years of exploration and improvement, Xinjiang Oilfield Company has achieved an industrial recovery rate of over 65% through steam injection development technology, which is 20% higher than similar oil reservoirs at home and abroad.

　　However, steam is not omnipotent, and super heavy oil is "immune" to it.

　　According to Huo Jin, Secretary of the Party Committee and General Manager of Xinjiang Oilfield Company, the world's dual horizontal well SAGD technology was only applicable to marine homogeneous oil reservoirs, while the heavy oil reservoirs in Karamay were strong continental heterogeneous oil reservoirs.

　　Since then, after years of research and improvement, Xinjiang Oilfield Company independently developed the SAGD theory method, well pattern layout, preheating start, vapor-liquid interface control, high temperature and pressure protection operation and other technologies independently developed by Xinjiang Oilfield Company, with excellent indicators.

　　In addition to the extraction of ultra-heavy oil, in 2008, how to extract more naphthenic heavy oil resources remaining in the Karamay heavy oil tailings has become a new problem for Karamay oilmen.

　　In the process of searching for prescriptions, "Huoqiang" ignited a flame of hope in the hearts of scientific researchers.

　　Huo Jin introduced that most of the fire flooding tests carried out in Europe and the United States were carried out on primitive oil reservoirs.

　　However, no matter how difficult it is, Karamay Petroleum People must rise to the challenge.
After more than a year of research, on December 19, 2009, the Hongqian 1 well block fire flooding project of Xinjiang Oilfield Company was officially put into operation.
Xinjiang Oilfield Company’s fire flooding production has been in operation for more than ten years, and 67 well groups have been ignited.
The success rate is 100%.
The cumulative oil production is 450,000 tons, which increases the recovery rate by 35 percentage points.
At present, the fire flooding technology is in Karamay Oilfield.
It can be promoted to cover 130 million tons of reserves, and new recoverable reserves of 46.
8 million tons.
Those oil reservoirs that are on the verge of being abandoned or have been abandoned after steam injection are in nirvana.

　　Mining, refining and chemical, highlighting the encirclement of "Chinese samples" to the world

　　The cycloalkyl heavy oil is known as the "rare earth" in petroleum.
Karamay's heavy oil naphthenic hydrocarbon content is as high as 69.
7%, which is the best among them.
"Karamay's high-quality naphthenic heavy oil, affected by the relevant policies, has not been reflected in the value of the mining end, but it is reflected in the refining end, and the added value of the refined products is very high.
" Huo Jin said, Karamay's Heavy oil is the highest quality naphthenic heavy oil.
It is an indispensable and scarce high-quality raw material for refining aviation kerosene, low-pour-point diesel, ultra-low temperature refrigeration oil, special asphalt, high-end rubber oil and other special oils.
It has unique and irreplaceable value in major national strategic projects, national defense undertakings, and aerospace engineering.

　　Since the early 1980s, my country’s aerospace, transportation, manufacturing, and electric power industries have rapidly increased their demand for high-end special oil products.
However, the domestic high-end special oil production technology has been blank.
The market is basically monopolized by large foreign companies.
Can be imported in large quantities.
This situation has seriously affected my country's national defense and economic construction.

　　According to Li Rong, director of the Science and Technology Department of Karamay Petrochemical Company, after long-term independent research and development, joint research and continuous industrialization application improvement, Karamay Petrochemical Company has gradually overcome the international problem of heavy oil deep processing and formed a heavy oil deep processing with independent intellectual property rights in my country.
The complete set of technology has filled a number of domestic gaps and realized a historic breakthrough in my country's heavy oil processing technology from a gap to an internationally advanced one.
After more than 30 years of hard work, we have realized the effective supply of the country’s scarce naphthenic special oils, which has greatly reduced my country’s dependence on aviation kerosene, high-end lubricating oil, transformer oil and other special oils.
Import prices have been drastically reduced, saving a lot of money for the country, and strongly supporting my country's economy and national defense construction.

　　"Karamay's heavy oil has completely changed the situation that 80% of the domestic demand for high-quality naphthenic heavy oil since the 20th century has relied on imports and the exploitation technology is restricted by others.
" Li Rong said.

　　In addition, in recent years, a series of new technologies for heavy oil exploitation by Xinjiang Oilfield Company have gone out of Karamay or even abroad, serving the construction of the “Belt and Road” and safeguarding national energy security.

　　At present, Xinjiang Oilfield Company's heavy oil and ultra-heavy oil production technology has been successfully applied to domestic oil fields such as Chunfeng and Jilin, as well as Kazakhstan, Venezuela, Sudan and other countries.
In recent years, Xinjiang Oilfield Company has carried out foreign technical cooperation in Venezuela’s MPE-3 heavy oil project, Huning 4 heavy oil project, Kazakhstan’s Kumsay heavy oil reservoir and Mortuk heavy oil reservoir, etc.
.
Among them, the technical cooperation with Aktobe on the salt of Kenkiyak and KMK project has promoted the effective utilization of 195 million tons of heavy oil resources in the region, and has strongly supported Aktobe's oil and gas equivalent to exceed 10 million tons for eight consecutive years.
This is also one of PetroChina’s largest overseas equity oil and gas production projects.

　　"Having unique naphthenic heavy oil resources is the luck of Karamay; having the world's leading heavy oil development complete sets of technology and equipment is also the luck of Karamay.
Karamay, a city born and prospered by oil , And will continue to flourish because of oil.
" Huo Jin said.