40 years of ups and downs, import and export data to learn from each other

Since the reform and opening up, China's GDP has grown rapidly At the beginning of reform and opening up in 1978, China's GDP totaled 367.9 billion yuan, and in 2017, China's GDP exceeded 8.2 billion yuan, with an annual growth rate of 6.9% The average annual growth rate from 1978 to 2017 was 9.6%, far higher than that of other major economic powers in the same period (see the figure below) In the same period, the average growth rate of US GDP was 2.7%, Canada 2.5%, Britain 2.3%, Japan 2.2%, France 1.9%, Germany 1.8% and Italy 1.4% Despite positive growth, the growth rate was much lower than that of China In 1978-2017, with the growth of economic conditions, China's health conditions continued to improve The total cost of health has increased year by year (see the figure below for details) In 1978, the total cost of health care in the early stage of reform and opening up was 11.021 billion yuan, which increased to 4634.488 billion yuan in 2016, an increase of about 420 times The proportion of total health expenditure to GDP is 4.17% on average, exceeding 5% for the first time in 2009 and increasing to 6.23% in 2016 In 2007, China's total health expenditure exceeded trillion yuan for the first time, and achieved rapid growth From 1978 to 2016, China's total health expenditure chart (National Bureau of Statistics) looked at the total output value of China's pharmaceutical industry in the past 29 years, from 137.1 billion yuan in 1998 to 3239.8 billion yuan in 2016 The growth rate reached its peak in 2007, with a year-on-year growth of 33% (see the figure below) The rapid growth of the import and export of pharmaceutical products includes pharmaceutical manufacturing high-tech industry, chemical manufacturing high-tech industry, Chinese patent medicine manufacturing high-tech industry, biological and chemical products manufacturing high-tech industry It can be seen from the figure below that the number of pharmaceutical high-tech industry enterprises has changed relatively gently in the past eight years, but the proportion of pharmaceutical related technology industry in the whole high-tech industry is quite large, with an average of about 40% per year Pharmaceutical related high-tech industries need high-tech, high input and high knowledge talents, which is a decisive part of the development of high-tech industries in China The number of high-tech industrial enterprises (from the National Bureau of Statistics) has been increasing rapidly year by year From the chart below, it can be seen that in the past 20 years, the total import and export of pharmaceutical products in mainland China has increased from US $1867.01 million in 1997 to US $35699.73 million in 2016, an increase of about 19 times Figure of import and export trade of pharmaceutical products (National Bureau of Statistics) table of import and export trade of pharmaceutical products (National Bureau of Statistics) in 2017, there were 11000 enterprises operating API export business in China, an increase of 707 compared with the same period in 2016 Business entrepreneurs have maintained growth for four consecutive years, and the increase was mainly contributed by private enterprises The number of enterprises engaged in raw material import business reached 6469, and the number of private enterprises exceeded the number of foreign-funded enterprises for the first time, reaching 3076, but the import performance only accounted for 21% of the total import volume of API in China China's exports of Western pharmaceutical preparations to the EU are mainly concentrated in France, Denmark, Britain, Belgium, Germany and Spain, accounting for 80% of China's total exports to the EU Germany, France, Italy, Sweden and the United Kingdom are the main import sources of preparations in China, accounting for 60% of the total imports of preparations In addition to a small increase of 8% of Italy's imports, imports from other markets have achieved a substantial increase of more than 20% The export value of traditional Chinese medicine reached US $3.64 billion, an increase of 2.07% year on year (from China Pharmaceutical and health products import and Export Association) This article is excerpted from the book "big data of 40 years of Chinese pharmaceutical research and development"